Implementation of the Minamata Convention to manage mercury pollution in India: challenges and opportunities

Sharma, Brij Mohan; Bharat, Girija K.; Šebková, Kateřina; Scheringer, Martin

doi:10.1186/s12302-019-0280-3

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…In this country, more than eight species of Mentha are cultivated for pharmaceutical purposes [41]. Unfortunately, India is facing high mercury levels in agricultural soils, which can be assimilated differently in plants [42]. The origins of Hg in agricultural soils are related to polluted freshwater from rivers used for irrigation and fertilizers that are the pathway for toxic metals in aromatic plants [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Health Risk and the Metal Content of Thirty-Four Plant Essential Oils Using the ICP-MS Technique

et al. 2022

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Natural ecosystems are polluted with various contaminants, and among these heavy metals raise concerns due to their side effects on both environment and human health. An investigation was conducted on essential oil samples, comparing similar products between seven producers, and the results indicated a wide variation of metal content. The recommended limits imposed by European Union regulations for medicinal plants are exceeded only in Mentha × pipperita (Adams, 0.61 mg/kg). Except for Thymus vulgaris, the multivariate analysis showed a strong correlation between toxic and microelements (p < 0.001). We verified plant species–specific bioaccumulation patterns with non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis. The model showed that Adams, Doterra, Hypericum, and Steaua Divina essential oils originated from plants containing high micro and macroelement (Cu, Mn, Mg, Na) levels. We noted that the cancer risk values for Ni were the highest (2.02 × 10−9–7.89 × 10−7). Based on the target hazard quotient, three groups of elements were associated with a possible risk to human health, including As, Hg, and Cd in the first group, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Co in the second, and Zn and Al in the third. Additionally, the challenge of coupling inter-element relationships through a network plot analysis shows a considerable probability of associating toxic metals with micronutrients, which can address cumulative risks for human consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Health Risk and the Metal Content of Thirty-Four Plant Essential Oils Using the ICP-MS Technique

et al. 2022

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“…Исследователи описывают применение методов предотвращения и контроля эмиссий для выполнения условий Минаматской конвенции, не обсуждая определение НДТ, но само словосочетание «предотвращение и контроль» говорит о том, что принципы КПКЗ, составляющие основу наилучших доступных технологий, находят применение для сокращения эмиссий ртути [17].…”

Section: Ecvn520unclassified

“…URL: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1900924 16. Конвенция по защите морской среды Северо-Восточной Атлантики (ОСПАР) от 22 сентября 1992 года URL: https://www.ospar.org/convention/text 17. Конвенция о защите Черного моря от загрязнения от 21 апреля 1992 года.…”

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Best available techniques as a tool for compliance with international agreements

Skobelev¹,

Åke

Bhimani³

2020

The Eurasian Scientific Journal

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The article analyses the role and place of the best available techniques (BAT) concept for achieving requirements of international agreements. BAT implementation contributes towards sustainable development goals achievement via strengthening international partnerships, establishing responsible production and consumption patterns, introducing innovations, providing all with clean water and affordable energy. The authors consider international conventions aimed at preventing and controlling pollution and thus playing a significant role in the formation of conditions for the operation of facilities with significant negative environmental impact and socio-economic development of the territories where these facilities are located. It is suggested that regional leaders and industrial management should consider BAT requirements as boundary conditions for setting strategic development goals. The article emphasizes that international conventions recommend to apply environmentally, technically and economically best available techniques, technical solutions and methods. It is shown that applying the best available techniques as internationally recognized criteria for determining resource and environmental performance parameters for certain industrial activity allows to reach mutual understanding in solving complex issues related to the transfer of (transboundary) pollutants or the elimination of sources that pose a threat of pollution. The article describes typical approaches to pollution reduction and control of the member states of the Eurasian Union and BRICS. Russian case studies on BAT application for achieving compliance with international conventions and agreements are described. It is proposed to use the experience accumulated in the European Union and the Russian Federation during development of BAT Reference documents for drawing up and subsequent application of similar documents within the BRICS. The unique Russian BAT Reference document on municipal wastewater treatment is considered as a reference for preparing such a document for BRICS cities

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“…India is a party to all the conventions leading to the formulation and amendments of environmental regulations; however, the implementation has not been effective. 9,10 India constitutes the second largest population (17% of the world population in 2022), one of the fastest-growing economies, globally the second largest producer and consumer of coal, and the third largest consumer of energy in addition to being the third largest emitter of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). As one of the largest developing countries, India has planned and implemented initiatives, as well as incremental development policies in every sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Glasgow Climate Pact and Updated Nationally Determined Contribution on Mercury Mitigation Abiding by the Minamata Convention in India

Vishwanathan,

Hanaoka,

Garg

2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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India is one of the largest emitters of atmospheric anthropogenic mercury (Hg) and the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world. In the past decade, India has been committed to the Minamata Convention (2017) in addition to the Paris Climate Change Agreement (2015) and the Glasgow Pact (2021). More than 70% to 80% of India’s mercury and carbon dioxide emissions occur because of anthropogenic activities from coal usage. This study explores nine policy scenarios, the nationally determined contribution (NDC) scenario, and two deep decarbonization pathways (DDP) with and without mercury control technologies in the energy and carbon-intensive sectors using a bottom-up, techno-economic model, AIM/Enduse India. It is estimated that NDC scenarios reduce mercury emissions by 4%–10% by 2070; while coal intensive (DDP-CCS) pathways and focus on renewables (DDP-R) reduce emissions by 10%–54% and 15%–59%, respectively. Increase in the renewables share (power sector) can result in a significant reduction in the costs of additional pollution-abating technologies in the DDP-R scenario when compared with the coal intensive DDP-CCS scenario. However, the industry sector, especially iron and steel and metal production, will require stringent policies to encourage installation of pollution-abating technologies to mitigate mercury emissions under all the scenarios.

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Implementation of the Minamata Convention to manage mercury pollution in India: challenges and opportunities

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Assessing the Health Risk and the Metal Content of Thirty-Four Plant Essential Oils Using the ICP-MS Technique

Assessing the Health Risk and the Metal Content of Thirty-Four Plant Essential Oils Using the ICP-MS Technique

Best available techniques as a tool for compliance with international agreements

Impact of Glasgow Climate Pact and Updated Nationally Determined Contribution on Mercury Mitigation Abiding by the Minamata Convention in India

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