Implementation of the EVRF2007 height reference frame in Poland

Abstract

Currently, in Poland, the State Spatial Reference System (SSRS) includes two height reference frames: PL-KRON86-NH and PL-EVRF2007-NH as the Polish implementation of the European Vertical Reference System (EVRF). The deadline for EVRF2007 implementation in Poland, as the only legally permitted height frame, is set at the end of 2023. Because of the administrative division, the implementation was planned in two stages: at the state level (government) and the local level (districts). In the article, the local ones are reviewed, especially regarding the aim of height conversion methods, costs and their progress. As a background, a historical perspective of height systems and frames used in Poland since the beginning of the 20th century is provided. The source of data was the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography (HOGC), as well as the district surveying departments’ official answers; open documents posted on the Internet, e.g. tender documentation and their results were also analysed.

Geometryczne dane niwelacyjne i niektóre błędy systematyczne w ich przetwarzaniu

“…The average of two observations is supposed to be √2 times more accurate than each of observations under the assumption that both random observations derive from common population with finite variance. In fact, if we generate two random samples of size n from arbitrary chosen distribution with finite variance σ 2 and we create a new sample from the means of the same ordered observations of both original samples, then the variance of the new sample will tend to 𝜎 2 2 ⁄ when n tend to infinity. There is the crucial point, the size of the sample has to tend to infinity, not to 2.…”

“…The highest order geometric levelling has been used as a main method for establishing of height system for state territories [1][2][3][4] or even for a whole continent [1, [4][5] since the last decades of 19 th century. The method is also widely applied for validation of gravimetric geoid [5] and quasigeoid models [6], verification of chronometric levelling results [7], monitoring of the recent vertical movements of the Earth's crust [3], verification and calibration of GNSS antennas [8], etc.…”

Geodata in Science – A Review of Selected Scientific Fields

“…One milestone was the adoption (in 2008) of a regional unified system (EVRF2007) and its inclusion in the INSPIRE Directive as an official recommendation for EU countries to implement (European Commission, 2013). Since then, the work has sped up and countries are implementing the pan-European height frame, usually during vertical network modernisation (Borowski et al, 2023) (see: Figure 7).…”