Implementation of the Cloud Prediction Scheme in the Eta Model at NCEP

Zhao, Qingyun; Black, Thomas L.; Baldwin, Michael E.

doi:10.1175/1520-0434(1997)012<0697:iotcps>2.0.co;2

Cited by 102 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Deep and shallow convections are parameterized by the Betts-Miller scheme [30] modified by [31]. Cloud microphysics follow Zhao scheme [32]. The land-surface processes are represented by the NOAH scheme [33] with annual cycle of vegetation greenness.…”

Section: ) Eta Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Eta Simulations Nested in Three Global Climate Models

Chou¹,

Lyra²,

Mourão³

et al. 2014

AJCC

208

120

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To provide long-term simulations of climate change at higher resolution, Regional Climate Models (RCMs) are nested in global climate models (GCMs). The objective of this work is to evaluate the Eta RCM simulations driven by three global models, the HadGEM2-ES, BESM, and MIROC5, for the present period, 1961-1990. The RCM domain covers South America, Central America, and Caribbean. These simulations will be used for assessment of climate change projections in the region. 439Eta Model

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Section: ) Eta Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Eta Simulations Nested in Three Global Climate Models

Chou¹,

Lyra²,

Mourão³

et al. 2014

AJCC

208

120

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“…The model uses the eta vertical coordinate (Mesinger 1984). Model precipitation is produced by Betts-Miller-Janjic cumulus parameterization scheme (Janjić 1994) and by the Zhao cloud microphysics scheme (Zhao et al 1997). The land-surface transfer processes are parameterized by the NOAH scheme (Chen et al 1997;Ek et al 2003).…”

Section: Eta Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of the Amazon biome to high resolution climate change projections

2016

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ABSTRACT:Despite the reduction in deforestation rate in recent years, the impact of global warming by itself can cause changes in vegetation cover. The objective of this work was to investigate the possible changes on the major Brazilian biome, the Amazon Rainforest, under different climate change scenarios. The dynamic vegetation models may simulate changes in vegetation distribution and the biogeochemical processes due to climate change. Initially, the Inland dynamic vegetation model was forced with initial and boundary conditions provided by CFSR and the Eta regional climate model driven by the historical simulation of HadGEM2-ES. These simulations were validated using the Santarém tower data. In the second part, we assess the impact of a future climate change on the Amazon biome by applying the Inland model forced with regional climate change projections. The projections show that some areas of rainforest in the Amazon region are replaced by deciduous forest type and grassland in RCP4.5 scenario and only by grassland in RCP8.5 scenario at the end of this century. The model indicates a reduction of approximately 9% in the area of tropical forest in RCP4.5 scenario and a further reduction in the RCP8.5 scenario of about 50% in the eastern region of Amazon. Although the increase of CO 2 atmospheric concentration may favour the growth of trees, the projections of Eta-HadGEM2-ES show increase of temperature and reduction of rainfall in the Amazon region, which caused the forest degradation in these simulations. KEYWORDS: climate change, regional climate model, dynamic vegetation model Sensibilidade da floresta amazônica a projeções de mudanças climáticas de alta resolução RESUMO: Apesar da redução na taxa de desmatamento nos últimos anos, o impacto do aquecimento global por si só pode causar alterações na cobertura vegetal. O Objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as possíveis alterações no maior bioma brasileiro, a Floresta Amazônica, levando em consideração diferentes cenários de mudanças climáticas. Os modelos de vegetação dinâmica permitem representar as mudanças na distribuição de vegetação bem como nos processos biogeoquímicos diante de mudanças no clima. Na primeira parte do trabalho, o modelo de vegetação dinâmica Inland foi forçado com condições iniciais e de contorno geradas a partir de dados de reanálise (CFSR) e pela regionalização da simulação histórica de um modelo global do sistema terrestre (HadGEM2-ES) com o modelo Eta. Estas simulações foram validadas utilizando os dados da torre de Santarém-K83. Na segunda parte, avaliou-se o impacto de uma futura mudança climática sobre o bioma floresta através das projeções do modelo Inland forçado com um modelo regional climático. As projeções mostram que algumas áreas de floresta tropical na Amazônia são substituídas por tipo de floresta decídua e pastagem natural no cenário RCP4.5 e apenas por pastagem natural no cenário RCP8.5 no final do século XXI. No Estado do Amazonas, o modelo indica uma redução de cerca de 9% da área de floresta tropical no cenár...

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“…While many of the variables correspond to the exact forecast time, many of the flux terms are the average of the previous output period. When performing harmonic analy- Chou, 1992;Chou andLee, 1996 Chou, 1992;Chou andLee, 1996 Lacis andHansen, 1974 Longwave Radiation Chou and Suarez, 1994Fels and Schwarzkopf, 1975Fels and Schwarzkopf, 1975 Convection Relaxed ArakawaSchubert (Moorthi and Suarez, 1992) Simplified Arakawa-Schubert (Pan and Wu, 1995) Betts-Miller-Janjić (Janjić, 1994) Assimilated Precipitation Clouds Slingo, 1987Campana et al 1994Zhao et al 1997 Planetary Boundary Layer…”

Section: A Ecpc Contributions To Ceopmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diurnal Cycle of Water and Energy over the Continental United States from Three Reanalyses

Ruane

Roads

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The Continental United States summertime diurnal surface and column-integrated atmospheric water and energy components are compared among three reanalyses. The strength of the diurnal solar forcing leads to consistent phases among surface energy components across the continent and all reanalyses, but the amplitudes vary widely. This forcing has a particularly strong and direct impact on the surface energy cycle, but interacts with many aspects of the surface and column-integrated water and energy cycles through dynamical convergence, leading to large diurnal fluctuations in the atmospheric reservoir of water vapor and total dry energy. Although they are negligible on timescales greater than a year, the tendency terms of the water and energy budgets at the surface and in the atmosphere are important on the diurnal scale. The North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) displays a diurnal circulation pattern centered over Northern Texas that links together regional patterns in the diurnal cycles of assimilated precipitation. Constructed vapor flux convergences from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy (NCEP/DOE) Reanalysis-2 Global Spectral Model and the Experimental Climate Prediction Center's reanalysis using an updated Seasonal Forecast Model reproduce many of the observed regional circulation and convergence patterns, but fail to generate the appropriate diurnal precipitation, presumably due to inadequate convective parameterizations. Diurnal variations in atmospheric energy respond not only to the direct solar forcing, but also to the resulting dynamically-forced semidiurnal thermal tide.

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Implementation of the Cloud Prediction Scheme in the Eta Model at NCEP

Cited by 102 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of the Eta Simulations Nested in Three Global Climate Models

Evaluation of the Eta Simulations Nested in Three Global Climate Models

Sensitivity of the Amazon biome to high resolution climate change projections

The Diurnal Cycle of Water and Energy over the Continental United States from Three Reanalyses

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