Implementation of 3D spatial planning through the integration of the standards

Abstract

To plan future land use, zoning plans (i.e., spatial plans) are prepared to get the most out of land for both the public and the government. These plans manifest which facilities can be built and where they can be built on land based on defined requirements such as building height and road length. The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) is well‐known and widely used standard for describing Rights, Restrictions, and Responsibilities (RRRs) with respect to land and buildings. The next version of the standard will contain the Spatial Plan Information (SPI) part to enable better land‐use planning. Three‐dimensional (3D) land‐use planning has gained attention to delineate detailed requirements inclusively and allow different spatial analysis that provides a basis for decisions in the planning. Data standards pertaining to 3D geoinformation are vital to put into practice 3D spatial planning. To this extent, CityJSON is proposed for the effortless and efficient use of 3D city models. This article thus first aims to extend the CityJSON schema based on the proposed SPI part of the LADM such that it allows modeling, storing, visualizing, and utilizing the features and attributes required for the implementation of 3D spatial planning. Then, the usability of the proposed extension schema is demonstrated by the real‐world use cases that benefit from the exemplary CityJSON files that are created based on approved zoning plans in the country. The results of this study show that there is an important opportunity coming from the integration of international standards that enables semantic information along with their spatial counterparts within 3D spatial planning.

3d Underground Land Administration by Standardized Geoinformation

“…For this reason, spatial planning studies aim to cover underground space to improve land use in urban areas. In this regard, there is a need for 3D spatial analyses that can provide a scientific basis for creating spatial plans in different scales (Guler, 2023). Therefore, the integration of 3D spatial planning and 3D underground land administration through the use of generated CityJSON models based on the proposed extensions can contribute to practicing sustainable urban development.…”

Establishing a Geo-Database for Drinking Water and Its Delivery and Storage Components with an Object-Based Approach

“…Many different studies have been conducted in Türkiye in accordance with LADM using UML visualizations. Some of these are cadastral and land registry applications [31], an object-based data model of purchase and sale transactions [32], implementation for 3D spatial planning through the integration of LADM standards [33], a real estate valuation approach for land consolidation [34], geographical database design for cemetery site location selection [35], real estate valuation data model design for Türkiye [36], geographical data model development for protected areas [37], legal and social aspects of real estate valuation for land consolidation [38], protection of foundational properties in Türkiye [25] and global scientific production of LADM-based research [39].…”