Implementation of improved parameterization of terrestrial flux in WRF-VPRM improves the simulation of nighttime CO2 peaks and a daytime CO2 band ahead of a cold front

Multisensor and Multimodel Monitoring and Investigation of a Wintertime Air Pollution Event Ahead of a Cold Front Over Eastern China

“…In this system, biogenic CO 2 fluxes are calculated online using the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) (Mahadevan et al., 2008; Xiao et al., 2004). In the past few years, this WRF‐CO 2 system has been further developed by coupling with the CarbonTracker global simulation (Peters et al., 2007, with updates documented at http://carbontracker.noaa.gov) and incorporating optimized VPRM parameters (Hu, Zhang, et al., 2018, 2020, 2021). Simulation with this WRF‐CO 2 system was previously used to investigate regional transport during an air pollution event in northeast China (Li, Hu, Ma, et al., 2019), given the similar spatial distribution of anthropogenic emissions of CO 2 and pollutants (Figure 3).…”

Airborne Lidar Measurements of XCO2 in Synoptically Active Environment and Associated Comparisons With Numerical Simulations

“…While horizontal advection appears to be the main driver in the XCO 2 enhancement near the frontal boundary, the effects of clouds and precipitation need to be analyzed further to fully understand the effects these occurrences have on the variability of the XCO 2 as was performed in Hu et al. (2021). Additionally, because all seven cases of frontal XCO 2 enhancements were associated with the presence of clouds near the frontal boundaries, and four of the seven cases were associated with convection, this is a characteristic feature that warrants future investigations.…”

“…Using a weather‐biosphere‐online‐coupled model, Hu et al. (2021) investigated the development of CO 2 bands in the ABL at the frontal boundary. Similar investigation for XCO 2 enhancement at the frontal boundary using numerical models is a worthwhile topic.…”

Atmospheric Carbon and Transport – America (ACT‐America) Data Sets: Description, Management, and Delivery

“…An elevated CO 2 band (416 ppm) was found at the frontal boundary, similar to results from the summer‐2016 campaign (Figure 3a ). This phenomenon appears closely tied to biological CO 2 fluxes (Samaddar et al., 2021 ), perhaps particularly respiratory fluxes (Hu et al., 2021 ). CO and CH 4 mole fractions were higher in the cold sector than in the warm sector (Figures 3d and 3e ), likely indicative of large CH 4 emissions from animal agriculture in the upper Midwest and perhaps larger upwind anthropogenic CO sources in the upper Midwest (analyses in preparation).…”

“…( 2020 ), for example, evaluated the skill of 10 global CO 2 inversion models from the OCO‐2 MIP using 148 airborne vertical profiles of CO 2 for frontal cases from the ACT‐America Summer 2016 campaign. High‐resolution models (Hu et al., 2021 ; Samaddar et al., 2021 ) of the elevated CO 2 band observed along the frontal boundary shown in Pal et al. ( 2020a ) have been evaluated using the ACT‐America airborne data, as has a newly developed global CO 2 transport model (Zheng et al., 2020 ).…”