Implementation of Human Trafficking Education and Treatment Algorithm in the Emergency Department

Egyud, Amber; Stephens, Kimberly; Swanson-Bierman, Brenda; DiCuccio, Marge; Whiteman, Kimberly

doi:10.1016/j.jen.2017.01.008

Cited by 47 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We identified 19 relevant publications: four interventional studies 336 – 339 ; seven observational studies 79 , 340 – 345 ; one systematic review 346 ; and seven commentary publications. 347 – 353 All publications were published after 2012.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research

Shah

Porta

Leung

et al. 2021

WestJEM

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Introduction: Social emergency medicine (EM) is an emerging field that examines the intersection of emergency care and social factors that influence health outcomes. We conducted a scoping review to explore the breadth and content of existing research pertaining to social EM to identify potential areas where future social EM research efforts should be directed. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive PubMed search using Medical Subject Heading terms and phrases pertaining to social EM topic areas (e.g., “homelessness,” “housing instability”) based on previously published expert consensus. For searches that yielded fewer than 100 total publications, we used the PubMed “similar publications” tool to expand the search and ensure no relevant publications were missed. Studies were independently abstracted by two investigators and classified as relevant if they were conducted in US or Canadian emergency departments (ED). We classified relevant publications by study design type (observational or interventional research, systematic review, or commentary), publication site, and year. Discrepancies in relevant publications or classification were reviewed by a third investigator. Results: Our search strategy yielded 1,571 publications, of which 590 (38%) were relevant to social EM; among relevant publications, 58 (10%) were interventional studies, 410 (69%) were observational studies, 26 (4%) were systematic reviews, and 96 (16%) were commentaries. The majority (68%) of studies were published between 2010–2020. Firearm research and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) health research in particular grew rapidly over the last five years. The human trafficking topic area had the highest percentage (21%) of interventional studies. A significant portion of publications -- as high as 42% in the firearm violence topic area – included observational data or interventions related to children or the pediatric ED. Areas with more search results often included many publications describing disparities known to predispose ED patients to adverse outcomes (e.g., socioeconomic or racial disparities), or the influence of social determinants on ED utilization. Conclusion: Social emergency medicine research has been growing over the past 10 years, although areas such as firearm violence and LGBTQ health have had more research activity than other topics. The field would benefit from a consensus-driven research agenda.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research

Shah

Porta

Leung

et al. 2021

WestJEM

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“…The 23 included articles were summarized according to study characteristics including study type, aim, geographical information, and type of ED (Table 1 ). 3 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the purposes of this review, retrospective pre‐/post‐survey models of interventions from 7 different studies were used to determine their efficacy (Table 2 ). 11 , 13 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 23 , 28 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 15 Egyud et al found that 38 potential trafficked victims were identified within 5 months of mandatory education on HT for all ED staff at a southwestern Pennsylvania community hospital. 16 This training used an algorithm in order to identify HT victims via 2 main mechanisms. The first mechanism involved detection of medical red flags by a risk assessment tool embedded in the electronic health record, and the second mechanism was a silent notification process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex trafficking screening and intervention in the emergency department: A scoping review

et al. 2022

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Introduction Human sex trafficking is a global public health crisis. Emergency departments (EDs) are important access points for trafficked persons who seek medical care. However, because of victims’ hesitancy to disclose their situation and health care practitioners' lack of training and institutional protocols, many trafficked persons go unrecognized. Methods We performed a scoping review of current literature. PubMed, SCOPUS, and reference lists were searched to identify articles for inclusion. We aimed to identify gaps in knowledge and shortcomings to assist this vulnerable population. Two reviewers independently screened literature search results and abstracted data from included studies. Descriptive analysis was conducted. Results We selected and analyzed 23 studies that focused on adult human sex trafficking identification, screening, interventions, or education in the ED. Eight (35%) of the publications used a survey model to quantitatively assess outcomes. Many of the other publications were descriptive or qualitative in nature, with some using a structured interview approach. We have observed that no validated or consistent screening tool exists for the identification of possible adult trafficked patients in the ED. However, we found that educational interventions and screening tools can improve health care practitioners’ confidence, victim identification, and knowledge of “next steps” for victims. Conclusions We found that most ED clinicians and staff have little or no formal training in sex trafficking victim identification, support, institutional protocols, or available local resources. Our review demonstrates a paucity of formal training programs, validated adult screening tools, and standardized institutional protocols to aid in the care of trafficked patients in the ED.

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“…Currently available options for provider instruction on HT include multiday seminars, brief online courses, massive open online courses, guidelines, and published summaries for self‐directed learning . To our knowledge, there are no published “train‐the‐trainer” interventions focusing on EPs or providing instructional methods directed at teaching learners in the clinical environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theory‐based Didactic Offering Physicians a Method for Learning and Teaching Others About Human Trafficking

Cole

Daniel

Chisolm‐Straker

et al. 2018

AEM Education and Training

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Emergency clinicians are on the frontlines of identifying and caring for trafficked persons. However, most emergency providers have never received training on trafficking, and studies report a significant knowledge gap involving this important topic. Workshops often employ a "train-the-trainer" model to address clinicians' knowledge gaps involving various topics (including trafficking). By offering participants knowledge and skills needed to both understand relevant content and teach this content to future learners, this model aims at promoting widespread dissemination of essential information. However, current train-the-trainer workshops typically involve full or multiday sessions and employ multimodal instructional techniques, making them time and resource intensive for both participants and facilitators.

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Implementation of Human Trafficking Education and Treatment Algorithm in the Emergency Department

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research

A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research

Sex trafficking screening and intervention in the emergency department: A scoping review

A Theory‐based Didactic Offering Physicians a Method for Learning and Teaching Others About Human Trafficking

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