Implementation of High Time Delay Accuracy of Ultrasonic Phased Array Based on Interpolation CIC Filter

Liu, Peilu; Li, Xinghua; Li, Haopeng; Su, Zhikun; Zhang, Hongxu

doi:10.3390/s17102322

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The LMS filters have been used in FPGAs for active noise cancellation in headphones [639], echo cancellation [640][641][642] and non invasive fetal ECG (Electrocardiogram) [643,644]. Other digital filters implementations in FPGAs include Cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filter [645][646][647][648][649], Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters [650][651][652][653] and matched filter [654][655][656][657][658].…”

Section: Digital Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Programmable Gate Array Applications—A Scientometric Review

2019

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Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a general purpose programmable logic device that can be configured by a customer after manufacturing to perform from a simple logic gate operations to complex systems on chip or even artificial intelligence systems. Scientific publications related to FPGA started in 1992 and, up to now, we found more than 70,000 documents in the two leading scientific databases (Scopus and Clarivative Web of Science). These publications show the vast range of applications based on FPGAs, from the new mechanism that enables the magnetic suspension system for the kilogram redefinition, to the Mars rovers’ navigation systems. This paper reviews the top FPGAs’ applications by a scientometric analysis in ScientoPy, covering publications related to FPGAs from 1992 to 2018. Here we found the top 150 applications that we divided into the following categories: digital control, communication interfaces, networking, computer security, cryptography techniques, machine learning, digital signal processing, image and video processing, big data, computer algorithms and other applications. Also, we present an evolution and trend analysis of the related applications.

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Section: Digital Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Programmable Gate Array Applications—A Scientometric Review

2019

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“…Tang et al [ 6 ] proposed a data transmission algorithm for UPAs, but it does not work with delay and focus. Liu et al [ 7 ] proposed an improved 8× interpolation cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filter parallel algorithm, which reduced 12.5% of addition and 29.2% of multiplication and yielded a time delay accuracy of 1 ns at 125 MHz. Su et al [ 8 ] proposed a parallel delay multiply and sum beamforming (PDMAS) algorithm, based on a graphics processing unit (GPU) that improved the parallelism and stability of the beamformer with a frame rate of 83 fps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Bound Fit Algorithm for Fine Delay Scheduling in a Multi-Group Scan of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays

Tang

Liu

2019

Sensors

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Multi-group scanning of ultrasonic phased arrays (UPAs) is a research field in distributed sensor technology. Interpolation filters intended for fine delay modules can provide high-accuracy time delays during the multi-group scanning of large-number-array elements in UPA instruments. However, increasing focus precision requires a large increase in the number of fine delay modules. In this paper, an architecture with fine delay modules for time division scheduling is explained in detail. An improved bound fit (IBF) algorithm is proposed, and an analysis of its mathematical model and time complexity is provided. The IBF algorithm was verified by experiment, wherein the performances of list, longest processing time, bound fit, and IBF algorithms were compared in terms of frame data scheduling in the multi-group scan. The experimental results prove that the scheduling algorithm decreased the makespan by 8.76–21.48%, and achieved the frame rate at 78 fps. The architecture reduced resource consumption by 30–40%. Therefore, the proposed architecture, model, and algorithm can reduce makespan, improve real-time performance, and decrease resource consumption.

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“…It is based on a modified Cascaded-Integrator-Comb (CIC) filter architecture [20]. The CIC, employing no multipliers but adders only, is attractive for FPGA implementation [21]. The proposed architecture includes barrel-shifters in the strategic positions where the dynamics of data bus-widths must be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Adaptive Coherent Demodulator for High Dynamics Pulse-Wave Ultrasound Applications

Ricci

Meacci

2018

Electronics

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Pulse-Wave Doppler (PWD) ultrasound has been applied to the detection of blood flow for a long time; recently the same method was also proven effective in the monitoring of industrial fluids and suspensions flowing in pipes. In a PWD investigation, bursts of ultrasounds at 0.5–10 MHz are periodically transmitted in the medium under test. The received signal is amplified, sampled at tens of MHz, and digitally processed in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). First processing step is a coherent demodulation. Unfortunately, the weak echoes reflected from the fluid particles are received together with the echoes from the high-reflective pipe walls, whose amplitude can be 30–40 dB higher. This represents a challenge for the input dynamics of the system and the demodulator, which should clearly detect the weak fluid signal while not saturating at the pipe wall components. In this paper, a numerical demodulator architecture is presented capable of auto-tuning its internal dynamics to adapt to the feature of the actual input signal. The proposed demodulator is integrated into a system for the detection of the velocity profile of fluids flowing in pipes. Simulations and experiments with the system connected to a flow-rig show that the data-adaptive demodulator produces a noise reduction of at least of 20 dB with respect to different approaches, and recovers a correct velocity profile even when the input data are sampled at 8 bits only instead of the typical 12–16 bits.

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Implementation of High Time Delay Accuracy of Ultrasonic Phased Array Based on Interpolation CIC Filter

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Field Programmable Gate Array Applications—A Scientometric Review

Field Programmable Gate Array Applications—A Scientometric Review

Improved Bound Fit Algorithm for Fine Delay Scheduling in a Multi-Group Scan of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays

Data-Adaptive Coherent Demodulator for High Dynamics Pulse-Wave Ultrasound Applications

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