Implementation of Conventional Air — Oxygen Blending in Multi-Powered Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Device

Mukkundi, Basava Kumar; Prasad, Goutham; Gehlot, Yaagyanika; Deval, Nachiket; Jangir, Nitesh Kumar; Shetty, Sujay; Babu, Gopikrishnan G; As, Nageshwaran; Kakani, Vimal Kishore; Tauheed, Abu Saquib

doi:10.1109/comsnets.2019.8711392

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The equipment introduced by Mukkundi et al [ 21 ] emphasizes simplicity, affordability, and efficiency. With pressure capabilities of 0–8 cmH 2 O and a capacity of up to 5.5 L per minute, it offers variable

ranging from 21% to 100% based on oxygen flow.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Model of Air–Oxygen Blender for Mechanical Ventilators Using Dynamic Pressure Sensors

Soares,

Fernandes,

Almeida

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Respiratory diseases are among the leading causes of death globally, with the COVID-19 pandemic serving as a prominent example. Issues such as infections affect a large population and, depending on the mode of transmission, can rapidly spread worldwide, impacting thousands of individuals. These diseases manifest in mild and severe forms, with severely affected patients requiring ventilatory support. The air–oxygen blender is a critical component of mechanical ventilators, responsible for mixing air and oxygen in precise proportions to ensure a constant supply. The most commonly used version of this equipment is the analog model, which faces several challenges. These include a lack of precision in adjustments and the inspiratory fraction of oxygen, as well as gas wastage from cylinders as pressure decreases. The research proposes a blender model utilizing only dynamic pressure sensors to calculate oxygen saturation, based on Bernoulli’s equation. The model underwent validation through simulation, revealing a linear relationship between pressures and oxygen saturation up to a mixture outlet pressure of 500 cmH2O. Beyond this value, the relationship begins to exhibit non-linearities. However, these non-linearities can be mitigated through a calibration algorithm that adjusts the mathematical model. This research represents a relevant advancement in the field, addressing the scarcity of work focused on this essential equipment crucial for saving lives.

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ranging from 21% to 100% based on oxygen flow.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Model of Air–Oxygen Blender for Mechanical Ventilators Using Dynamic Pressure Sensors

Soares,

Fernandes,

Almeida

et al. 2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The developed device is tested with targeted people (newborn baby). Further, Mukkundi et al [66] proposed a multi-powered CPAP device for respiratory support for the patients having a breathing problem. In this system, two flow meters are used to control air and oxygen.…”

Section: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (Cpap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathing Aid Devices to Support Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)Infected Patients

et al. 2020

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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19), an ongoing pandemic, is threatening the whole population all over the world including the nations having high or low resource health infrastructure. The number of infection as well as death cases are increasing day by day, and outperforming all the records of previously found infectious diseases. This pandemic is imposing specific pressures on the medical system almost the whole globe. The respiration problem is the main complication that a COVID-19 infected patient faced generally. It is a matter of hope that the recent deployment of small-scale technologies like 3D printer, microcontroller, ventilator, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are mostly used to resolve the problem associated with medical equipment's for breathing. This paper aims to overview the existing technologies which are frequently used to support the infected patients for respiration. We described the most recent developed breathing aid devices such as oxygen therapy devices, ventilator, and CPAP throughout the review. A comparative analysis among the developed devices with necessary challenges and possible future directions are also outlined for the proper selection of affordable technologies. It is expected that this paper would be of great help to the experts who would like to contribute in this area.

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“…The gas flow rate is a static parameter [15]. The oxygen flow rate must be controlled by the doctor visually so that the oxygen entering the patient's body can be recorded and in accordance with the patient's needs [16] [17]. The integrated flowmeter consists of a venturi tube, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an electronic unit [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Stability of Oxygen Flow Analyzer on Oxygen Station in the Hospital

Rosida¹,

Rahmawati²,

Nosike³

2023

Indones.J.electronic.electromed.med.inf

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Oxygen therapy besides having benefits also has certain dangers and side effects. For this reason, oxygen therapy must be given at the proper dose by monitoring the patient regularly and adjusting the oxygen flowmeter. The accuracy of flowmeter under standard conditions is guaranteed by manufacturer. With time and use the precision may change and the flow accuracy given in a hospital setting may differ from the original value. Thepurpose of this research is to conduct further research on Oxygen flow analyzer which focuses on discussing the accuracy and stability of the oxygen flow sensor against the gold standard. Contribution of this study is to increase the range of oxygen flowrate measurement to 15 liters per minute (LPM). This research uses Arduino Mega while the gas flow sensor used is legris flow sensor. The measurement results are displayed on TFT LCD equipped with SD Card data storage. The gas flowrate is regulated using a flowmeter (GEA). Meanwhile the comparison tools using Oxygen Analyzer and 1 m3 oxygen gas cylinder. At the testing stage, the sensor reading value on the module that appears on the TFT LCD is compared with the resultsf a comparison tool with a measurement range of 1 LPM to 15 LPM 6 times at each point. The conclusion from these results is that the calibrator module has a relative error is still within the allowable tolerance limit of ±10%. INDEX TERMS Calibration, Oxygen Flow Analyzer, Flowmeter, TFT Display

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Implementation of Conventional Air — Oxygen Blending in Multi-Powered Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Device

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

A New Model of Air–Oxygen Blender for Mechanical Ventilators Using Dynamic Pressure Sensors

A New Model of Air–Oxygen Blender for Mechanical Ventilators Using Dynamic Pressure Sensors

Breathing Aid Devices to Support Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)Infected Patients

Monitoring the Stability of Oxygen Flow Analyzer on Oxygen Station in the Hospital

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