“…Transportation makes people more productive because they can move from one place to another quickly, which has an impact on time efficiency. Transportation has become the lifeblood of human life in terms of politics, economy, society, culture, and defense and security (Rifai, Thalib, et al, 2022). Transportation, in general, serves as a means that can accelerate the achievement of objectives to support the economic growth of a region and as a unifying region within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (Manihuruk et al, 2022).…”