Implementation of an Edge Computing Architecture Using OpenStack and Kubernetes

Kristiani, Endah; Yang, Chao-Tung; Wang, Yuan Ting; Huang, Chin‐Yin

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1056-0_66

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Recent studies have implemented architectures or test environments using a combination of OpenStack (to support virtualization and control of cloud resources) and Kubernetes (to manage applications in the form of containers). With OpenStack and Kubernetes, Kristiani et al [19] implemented an edge computing architecture and configured test environments for an availability manager [20], distributed cloud applications using network function chains [21], and conducted a performance analysis of a container networking interface (CNI) [22]. Yang and Huang [23] implemented a microservices-based OpenStack monitoring system by utilizing Kubernetes. In contrast, in this study, we provide a practical cloud architecture that enables IaaS services using these two tools.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Software Load Balancer for Cloud-Native Architecture

Lee¹,

Yoo²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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Driven by increasing in the demand for cloud computing, cloud providers are constantly seeking configuration mechanisms designed to simply install a reliable and easy-to-manage cloud architecture-similar to installing an operating system on a computer using a thumb drive. Accordingly, cloud software components can be packaged into lightweight and portable containers, and then be easily deployed and managed through orchestration tools such as Kubernetes. Similarly, load balancers can also be deployed in containerized cloud environments and managed as a container, simplifying the process of scaling in or out according to the network status or amounts of incoming traffic. In this study, we implemented a containerized high-performance load balancer that distributes traffic using eBPF/XDP within the Linux kernel, which can easily be managed via Kubernetes. We compared the performance of the proposed load balancer with iptables DNAT and loopback based on the RFC2544 performance standard, and also performed tests simulating realworld traffic patterns by using IMIX traffic streams. Our experimental results indicate that the throughput performance of the proposed load balancer is considerably better than that of iptables DNAT; the difference in performance increased with decreasing packet size. The difference in performance between the loopback (representing the theoretical maximum performance limit) and the proposed load balancer was minimal.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Software Load Balancer for Cloud-Native Architecture

Lee¹,

Yoo²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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“…In our solution we focus both on data persistent storage locally on the node and also we consider a consensus protocol to recover data in case a storage container in a node fails. Kristiani et al [18] also proposed persistent volume for container-based architectures using Openstack and Kubernetes. Although in this work the container-based applications are running on the edge devices in the network, the persistent storage solution is still located in the clouds which increases delay in response for each data access request by the application.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault-tolerant Permanent Storage for Container-based Fog Architectures

Bakhshi

Rodríguez-Navas

Hansson

2021

2021 22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

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Container-based architectures are widely used for cloud computing and can have an important role in the implementation of fog computing infrastructures. However, there are some crucial dependability aspects that must be addressed to make containerization suitable for critical fog applications, e.g., in automation and robotics. This paper discusses challenges in applying containerization at the fog layer, and focuses on one of those challenges: provision of fault-tolerant permanent storage. The paper also presents a container-based fog architecture utilizing so-called storage containers, which combine built-in fault-tolerance mechanisms of containers with a distributed consensus protocol to achieve data consistency.

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“…Kristiani et al [13] provide an implementation of an edge computing architecture by taking advantage of OpenStack and Kubernetes to cover the cloud, the edge cloud, and the device edge cloud. This implementation reduces the workload on the cloud side by assigning data processing tasks to the edge front to be performed at the edge of the network.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

EdgeNet

Şenel

Mouchet

Cappos³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Edge Systems, Analytics and Networking

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EdgeNet is a public Kubernetes cluster dedicated to network and distributed systems research, supporting experiments that are deployed concurrently by independent groups. Its nodes are hosted by multiple institutions around the world. It represents a departure from the classic Kubernetes model, where the nodes that are available to a single tenant reside in a small number of wellinterconnected data centers. The free open-source EdgeNet code extends Kubernetes to the edge, making three key contributions: multi-tenancy, geographical deployments, and single-command node installation. We show that establishing a public Kubernetes cluster over the internet, with multiple tenants and multiple hosting providers is viable. Preliminary results also indicate that the EdgeNet testbed that we run provides a satisfactory environment to run a variety of experiments with minimal network overhead. CCS CONCEPTS• Computer systems organization → Distributed architectures.

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Implementation of an Edge Computing Architecture Using OpenStack and Kubernetes

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

High-Performance Software Load Balancer for Cloud-Native Architecture

High-Performance Software Load Balancer for Cloud-Native Architecture

Fault-tolerant Permanent Storage for Container-based Fog Architectures

EdgeNet

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