Implementation of an automatic standard addition method in a flow–batch system: application to copper determination in an alcoholic beverage by atomic absorption spectrometry

Almeida, Luciano F.; Martins, Valdomiro Lacerda; Silva, Edvan Cirino; Moreira, Pablo N.T.; Araújo, Mário César Ugulino de

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(03)00502-6

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The flow-batch systems have been also used in specific analytical applications involving feedback mechanisms for individual sample conditioning. This permits the easy implementation of the standard addition method [55], of titration procedures relying on titrant generation [56], of individual sample conditioning [31], etc., to be efficiently accomplished. As different solutions are managed inside the main chamber, exploitation of the concept of multi-commutation is worthwhile.…”

Section: Titrations and Related Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-commutation in flow analysis: Recent developments and applications

Feres¹,

Fortes²,

Zagatto³

et al. 2008

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Section: Titrations and Related Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-commutation in flow analysis: Recent developments and applications

Feres¹,

Fortes²,

Zagatto³

et al. 2008

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…Versatile and flexible flow-batch analyzers have been proposed to automate several analytical processes, 17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] such as hardness screening of water, 17 titrations, 40 analyses, in line coulometric generation of the standards or titrants 26,28,29 and extraction procedures. 41 In the present work, a FBA is employed to develop an automatic UV-Vis spectrophotometric screening analysis method for detection of adulteration in distilled spirits (whiskey, brandy, cachaça, rum and vodka).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flow-batch analyzer for UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection of adulteration in distilled spirits

Nascimento¹,

Araújo²,

Galvão³

2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Um analisador flow-batch é proposto para detecção de adulterações em bebidas destiladas (uísque, conhaque, cachaça, rum e vodca) usando espectrofotometria UV-Vis. O analisador foi empregado para diluir as amostras não-adulteradas e para simular adulterações com adição de 5 e 10% (v/v) de água, etanol ou metanol. Modelos de classificação SIMCA (soft independent modelling of class analogies) foram construídos empregando espectros de amostras adulteradas e não-adulteradas na faixa de 235-355 nm. Aplicando-se os modelos SIMCA a um conjunto de teste, todas as amostras adulteradas e não-adulteradas foram corretamente discriminadas com um nível de confiança de 95% e uma frequência analítica superior a 120 amostras por hora.An automatic flow-batch analyzer is proposed for detection of adulteration in distilled spirits (whiskey, brandy, cachaça, rum and vodka) using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The analyzer was employed to dilute the non-adulterated samples and to simulate adulteration with addition of 5 and 10% (v/v) of water, ethanol or methanol. SIMCA (soft independent modelling of class analogies) classification models were built using spectra of non-adulterated and adulterated samples in the region of 235-355 nm. By applying the SIMCA models to a test set, all adulterated and non-adulterated samples were correctly discriminated at a confidence level of 95% with an analytical throughput larger than 120 samples per hour.Keywords: flow-batch analyzer, SIMCA, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, adulteration of distilled spirits, screening analysis IntroductionThe adulteration of distilled spirits with water, ethanol or methanol is a problem with serious repercussions, which compromises the product quality, leads to loss of tax revenue and may constitute a public health threat. [1][2][3][4][5] In a study concerning the chemical composition of 608 beverage samples retailed in Brazil over the period [1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999] 391 samples were found to be out of quality standards. 5 In two cases, the methanol levels were above the tolerance limit stated in Brazilian legislation. In that study, the analyses were carried out by chromatography in gaseous phase with a flame ionization detector.Chromatography is a powerful analytical method, which has been used in several works to detect adulteration in distilled spirits.6-8 However, such method presents some disadvantages, including high cost of the instrumentation, low analytical throughput, high consumption of reagents and samples and generation of harmful residues. 5,9 These limitations have motivated the development of spectrophotometric techniques for screening analysis [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with the aim of reducing the number of samples that need to be analyzed by chromatographic methods. In this context, chemometrics plays a key role in the achievement of good screening results. [10][11][12] A previous work 10 proposed the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and chemometrics to classify 69 samples of distilled spirits with respect to type (whi...

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“…Previously published methods to determine copper concentrations, include the use of several analytical techniques, such as flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS and GFAAS) [2][3][4], inductively coupled plasma (ICP) with various detectors [5,6], voltametry [7,8], spectrophotometry [9], and potentiometry [10]. AAS and ICP, are the most selective and sensitive techniques for copper concentration determination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…J. Chem. • 8 (2) • 2010 • 258-263 DOI: 10.2478/s11532-010-0008-0 the reagent 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (1N2N), forms stable and highly coloured complexes with several metal ions; including Cu(II) [11]. However, these complexes are not soluble in aqueous media, so it is necessary to perform a solvent extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a macromolecular micellar system formed by the P123 triblock copolymer for determination of copper concentrations

Lemos

Silva

et al. 2010

Open Chemistry

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This work proposes a method for determination Cu(II) concentrations, based on the formation of a copper-1-nitroso-2-naphthol complex, in the presence of micelles; formed by a triblock copolymer, made up of two blocks of polyethylene oxide (PEO), and one block of polypropylene oxide (PPO). The insoluble copper complexes, are concentrated inside the hydrophobic micelle core; formed by the PPO block. For a solution containing 0.200 mg L -1 Cu(II), the proposed method had a relative standard deviation of 2.0% (n = 3); an absolute error from 0.11 to 0.39 mg L , respectively. We show that there is excellent agreement, between the results obtained using our novel method; and those obtained using flame atomic absorption spectrometry: In the determination of Cu(II) concentrations, in Brazilian sugar-cane spirits. The proposed method, is the first to apply macromolecular micelle systems, to the determination of copper concentrations; and improves upon the results obtained using molecular surfactants. This method is environmentally friendly (since it does not use any organic solvents for extraction), and the triblock copolymer is biodegradable and non-toxic. Sp. z o.o. © Versita

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Implementation of an automatic standard addition method in a flow–batch system: application to copper determination in an alcoholic beverage by atomic absorption spectrometry

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Multi-commutation in flow analysis: Recent developments and applications

Multi-commutation in flow analysis: Recent developments and applications

A flow-batch analyzer for UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection of adulteration in distilled spirits

Application of a macromolecular micellar system formed by the P123 triblock copolymer for determination of copper concentrations

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