Implementation of a student pharmacist-run diabetes education and management clinic in a federally qualified health center in Texas

Simmons, Kayley; Klein, Mary S.; Stevens, Cynthia; Jacobson, Tegan

doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2019.04.015

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…At the end of the visit, a care plan is developed and shared with the patient and the primary care provider to resolve and prevent any drug therapy problems by eliminating unnecessary medications, initiating appropriate medications, adjusting dosage regimens, addressing adverse reactions, and increasing the patient’s willingness and ability to adhere to the medication regimen (9,10). Through MTM, pharmacists play an important role in addressing health care disparities in underserved areas (11–14). Developments including passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (15), subsequent expansion of Medicaid, and the establishment of federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) have created more opportunities for pharmacists to provide care in community-based settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Models of Care to Improve Chronic Disease

et al. 2019

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IntroductionPharmacists are underused in the care of chronic disease. The primary objectives of this project were to 1) describe the factors that influence initiation of and sustainability for pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (MTM) in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs), with secondary objectives to report the number of patients receiving MTM by a pharmacist who achieve 2) hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) control (≤9%) and 3) blood pressure control (<140/90 mm Hg).MethodsWe evaluated MTM provided by pharmacists in 10 FQHCs in Ohio through qualitative thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and FQHC leadership and aggregate reporting of clinical markers.ResultsFacilitators of MTM included relationship building with clinicians, staff, and patients; regular verbal or electronic communication with care team members; and alignment with quality goals. Common MTM model elements included MTM provided distinct from dispensing medications, clinician referrals, and electronic health record access. Financial compensation strategies were inadequate and varied; they included 340B revenue, incident-to billing, grants, and shared positions with academic institutions. Of 1,692 enrolled patients, 60% (n = 693 of 1,153) achieved HbA1c ≤9%, and 79% (n = 758 of 959) achieved blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg.ConclusionThrough this statewide collaborative, access for patients in FQHCs to MTM by pharmacists increased. The factors we identified that facilitate MTM practice models can be used to enhance the models to achieve clinical goals. Collaboration among clinic staff and community partners can improve models of care and improve chronic disease outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Models of Care to Improve Chronic Disease

et al. 2019

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“… 21 , 30 , 54 Other concepts that were used interchangeably with student-run included student-created ; student-developed , student-directed , student-driven , student-initiated , student-managed , student-operated , student-organized , student nurse-delivered , student pharmacist-led , student pharmacist-run , and student-volunteer . 6 , 7 , 29 , 55 - 63 In some cases, more than one term was used interchangeably within the same article, such as student-run and student-led . 6 , 62 - 67 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,11,13,26,27 Our a priori literature search revealed a number of concepts that seemed to be used synonymously with the root term student-run, such as student-led, student-operated, student-organized, student pharmacist-run, and studentdirected. 7,11,15,[28][29][30] The interchangeable use of terms can lead to ambiguity in the conceptual meaning of a concept that presents a challenge when evaluating the purpose, composition, and processes, and when comparing study findings for a particular concept. 9,10 For the purposes of this paper we use the term student-run for consistency with the understanding that one main purpose of our concept analysis is to achieve clarity on this term.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many instances student-run community-based initiatives have been initiated by students to volunteer their services in communities of need or to gain experience in their area of interest, 1 - 3 while in other situations student-run initiatives have been adopted or initiated by academic institutions to provide clinical placements for students and offer specific learning opportunities such as social accountability and interprofessional practice. 4 - 8 Through our foundational work to develop a formal innovative educational program for students in pre-licensure health disciplines that will integrate experiential learning, interprofessional practice and health service delivery in a community setting, we found much relevant information from the literature on student-run health initiatives that could inform the design of such a program. However, we noted there were many concepts used interchangeably with the root term student-run , such as student-led and student-operated .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Understanding Student-Run Health Initiatives in the Context of Community-Based Services: A Concept Analysis and Proposed Definitions

Nagel

Naccarato

Philip

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

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Background: Student-run health initiatives in the community setting have been utilized to provide practical experience for undergraduate students to develop professional competencies, gain exposure to diverse populations, and to engage in activities of social accountability. There is much literature on student-run health initiatives; however, there is no consensus on a definition of this concept or a comprehensive synthesis of the literature that describes student-run health initiatives offered by students in pre-licensure healthcare education programs. Purpose: To provide a concept analysis of, and propose a definition for, student-run health initiatives that provide community-based services for students during pre-licensure health discipline education. Methods: A systematic literature search and review process was used to identify and synthesize peer-reviewed articles from 7 academic databases covering a range of pre-licensure health disciplines and education. Walker and Avant’s framework for concept analysis was used to guide exploration of attributes, antecedents and consequences of student-run initiatives, and to inform development of a definition for this concept. Results: The review yielded 222 articles for data extraction and represented 17 distinct pre-licensure health disciplines, 18 health-related disciplines, and a range of other baccalaureate and graduate programs. Our analysis revealed 16 definitions, 5 attributes, 6 antecedents, and consequences identified for student-run health initiatives. Attributes were Provision of Service, Service is Free, Target Clientele, Volunteerism, and Student Governance. Antecedents included Purpose/Rationale, Affiliation with Academic Unit, Location and Partnerships, Funding and Resources, Professional Oversight, and Preparation for Student Role. Consequences were improved access to services and outcomes for clients; competency development, personal gains and interprofessional learning for students; and positive outcomes for broader systems, such as decrease of service utilization and cost/benefit. Conclusions: There was no clear conceptual definition for student-run health initiatives, but many defining characteristics and well-described exemplars in the literature. Given the variations in purpose and scope of these initiatives, particularly to distinguish degree of students’ roles in operations and the involvement of academic institutions, we propose 3 distinct conceptual definitions: student-run, student-led, and student-infused health initiatives.

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“…Student volunteers, regardless of whether they were involved in the leadership of the clinic, have consistently reported SRFC exposure to be a source of education regarding social barriers to health. 64,79,80 Additionally, SRFC case studies that focus on providing care to specific populations (e.g., the homeless or immigrant groups of specific ethnicities) report students have increased awareness of population-specific health disparities after their participation in SRFCs. [81][82][83] This education is fundamental for addressing common but overlooked population-specific concerns; for example, one SRFC demonstrated the prevalence of food insecurity in its lower-socioeconomic patient population that had not been previously addressed and that had clear, negative clinical consequences.…”

Section: Practical Considerations Of Ume Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Student-Run Free Clinics Stand at a Critical Junction Between Undergraduate Medical Education, Clinical Care, and Advocacy

et al. 2022

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Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) act as primary care providers that bring health care to populations in need and are an important source of undergraduate medical education (UME), guiding trainees through the art of history taking and physical examination. However, they are also social justice and advocacy initiatives-addressing disparity in access to care and educating medical trainees with firsthand exposure to socioeconomic determinants of health as well as language and medical illiteracy barriers. Here, the authors review academic literature examining the impact of SRFCs in their 3 roles: as medical care providers, as components of medical education, and as advocacy organizations. Based on the evidence of that literature and decades of direct SRFC leadership experience, the authors make the case that SRFCs are an undersupported means by which UME institutions contribute to correcting health care disparities and to serving social justice reform. SRFCs as Medical Care ProvidersSRFCs primarily serve patients of low socioeconomic status, targeting communities where up to 45% of the

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Implementation of a student pharmacist-run diabetes education and management clinic in a federally qualified health center in Texas

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Pharmacists in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Models of Care to Improve Chronic Disease

Pharmacists in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Models of Care to Improve Chronic Disease

Understanding Student-Run Health Initiatives in the Context of Community-Based Services: A Concept Analysis and Proposed Definitions

Student-Run Free Clinics Stand at a Critical Junction Between Undergraduate Medical Education, Clinical Care, and Advocacy

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