Implementation of a Smoking Cessation Treatment Study at Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Smoking Behavior and Treatment Feasibility Across Varied Community-based Outpatient Programs

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is widely prevalent among individuals in treatment for drug or alcohol dependence; however, the treatment of nicotine addiction in this population has numerous obstacles at both programmatic and patient levels. Despite these difficulties, recent studies have demonstrated moderate success in implementing smoking cessation treatment in drug rehabilitation programs. The National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network sponsored a smoking cessation study in 13 community-based outpatient substance abuse rehabilitation programs across the country. The study evaluated the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment provided as an adjunct to substance abuse treatment-as-usual. This report summarizes the practical and clinical experiences encountered at each of the study sites with regard to implementing the smoking cessation treatment intervention. Smoking behavior of the treatment clientele was assessed by anonymous survey at each site. In addition, sites were systematically characterized by using program review and assessment tools completed by the respective staff and program directors at the site. Survey and recruitment data indicated that cigarette smoking is more prevalent and that smoking cessation treatment is more feasible, in methadone maintenance treatment programs. Other factors associated with smoking behavior and with the recruitment of drug- and alcohol-dependent individuals into the smoking cessation treatment study are described.

Smoking Cessation Treatment among Patients in Community-Based Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Exploring Predictors of Outcome as Clues Toward Treatment Improvement

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Smoking Cessation Treatment among Patients in Community-Based Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Exploring Predictors of Outcome as Clues Toward Treatment Improvement

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Perceived barriers to smoking cessation among adults with substance use disorders

“…These beliefs stand in contrast to results from research on smoking cessation, which has consistently demonstrated that cessation can be safely implemented during SUD treatment, and may even result in superior SUD treatment outcomes (Burling, Burling, & Latini, 2001; Burling, Marshall, & Seidner, 1991; Reid et al, 2007; Winhusen et al, 2014; Winhusen, Kropp, Theobald, & Lewis, 2014). A meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that smoking cessation interventions in SUD treatment settings were associated with a 25% increase in long-term abstinence from other substances of abuse (Prochaska, Delucchi, & Hall, 2004).…”

Psychological Barriers to Tobacco Cessation in Indian Buprenorphine-Naloxone Maintained Patients: A Pilot Study

“…Similar studies in methadone maintenance programs have a higher prevalence of smokers, who smoked more, and were more interested in quitting[ 3 24 25 26 ] as found in this population. Less number of past quit attempts and absence of long term abstinence among these subjects, in spite of long duration of tobacco use, are also very much similar with findings from past studies[ 4 7 27 28 29 ] in methadone clinics.…”

Smoking Cessation Treatment among Patients in Community-Based Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Exploring Predictors of Outcome as Clues Toward Treatment Improvement

“……”

“……”

Perceived barriers to smoking cessation among adults with substance use disorders

“…These beliefs stand in contrast to results from research on smoking cessation, which has consistently demonstrated that cessation can be safely implemented during SUD treatment, and may even result in superior SUD treatment outcomes (Burling, Burling, & Latini, 2001; Burling, Marshall, & Seidner, 1991; Reid et al, 2007; Winhusen et al, 2014; Winhusen, Kropp, Theobald, & Lewis, 2014). A meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that smoking cessation interventions in SUD treatment settings were associated with a 25% increase in long-term abstinence from other substances of abuse (Prochaska, Delucchi, & Hall, 2004).…”

Psychological Barriers to Tobacco Cessation in Indian Buprenorphine-Naloxone Maintained Patients: A Pilot Study

“…Similar studies in methadone maintenance programs have a higher prevalence of smokers, who smoked more, and were more interested in quitting[ 3 24 25 26 ] as found in this population. Less number of past quit attempts and absence of long term abstinence among these subjects, in spite of long duration of tobacco use, are also very much similar with findings from past studies[ 4 7 27 28 29 ] in methadone clinics.…”

Smoking Cessation Treatment among Patients in Community-Based Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Programs: Exploring Predictors of Outcome as Clues Toward Treatment Improvement

“……”

“……”

Perceived barriers to smoking cessation among adults with substance use disorders

“…These beliefs stand in contrast to results from research on smoking cessation, which has consistently demonstrated that cessation can be safely implemented during SUD treatment, and may even result in superior SUD treatment outcomes (Burling, Burling, & Latini, 2001; Burling, Marshall, & Seidner, 1991; Reid et al, 2007; Winhusen et al, 2014; Winhusen, Kropp, Theobald, & Lewis, 2014). A meta-analysis of 19 randomized controlled trials found that smoking cessation interventions in SUD treatment settings were associated with a 25% increase in long-term abstinence from other substances of abuse (Prochaska, Delucchi, & Hall, 2004).…”

Psychological Barriers to Tobacco Cessation in Indian Buprenorphine-Naloxone Maintained Patients: A Pilot Study

“…Similar studies in methadone maintenance programs have a higher prevalence of smokers, who smoked more, and were more interested in quitting[ 3 24 25 26 ] as found in this population. Less number of past quit attempts and absence of long term abstinence among these subjects, in spite of long duration of tobacco use, are also very much similar with findings from past studies[ 4 7 27 28 29 ] in methadone clinics.…”