Implementation and analysis of ultracapacitor charger in hybrid energy‐storage system for electric‐vehicle applications

Abstract

The light rail vehicles (commonly known as tramways or lightly laid railways) offer environmental advantages and have evoked an impressive attraction. The hybrid energy-storage systems efficiently supply energy for the light rail vehicles during the travel. This study implements and analyses an ultracapacitor charger in hybrid energy-storage system for electricvehicle applications. Moreover, an ultracapacitor charger based on a full-bridge DC-DC converter that utilises a synchronousrectification technique and high charging-current capability is presented. The proposed converter's current-doubler synchronous rectification reduces the secondary circulating current and recycles the energy of the leakage current to the power-source lead to further increase conversion efficiency. A prototype of this ultracapacitor charger, with an input voltage of 380 V and an output voltage of 14.6 V, has been implemented; the measured efficiency is 92.1% at a full load of 1 kW. In addition, the experimental results show the highest efficiency is 93.4% at an output power of 600 W. Furthermore, an ultracapacitor of 250 F is charged by the presented converter with a charging current of 65 A, and experimental waveforms illustrate that the charging time of the ultracapacitor voltage from 0 to 14.6 V is within 1 min.

Full Current-Type Control-Based Hybrid Energy Storage System

“…Figure 3 shows a simple equivalent circuit model of the supercapacitor pack, which consists of the capacitor C, the equivalent series resistor R es , and the equivalent parallel resistor R ep [26]. According to this model, the relationship between the supercapacitor pack voltage V SC and the voltage V C representing the real energy can be obtained with (10), where I SC is the supercapacitor current, and since R ep is very large, its influence on V SC is neglected.…”

“…resistor Rep [26]. According to this model, the relationship between the superca pack voltage VSC and the voltage VC representing the real energy can be obtained wi where ISC is the supercapacitor current, and since Rep is very large, its influence o neglected.…”

Compound Energy System Based on Time Series Algorithm

“…Diversity can also be preserved, and the quality of Pareto optimal solutions can be improved accordingly. Using advanced algorithms to solve multi-objective power system optimization problems can provide as many and representative solutions as possible to make rational decisions [18].…”

A review on characterization of supercapacitors and its efficiency analysis for different charging methods and applications

“…There has been a notable improvement in the progress and applicability of supercapacitors over the past few years. Figure 2 depicts the evolution of supercapacitor and its usage in several applications like in Electric Vehicles, 11,12 fast charging infrastructures, 13 hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), 14 renewable energy storage and management, 15 and consumer electronics. 16 A number of effective review articles, in material science, [17][18][19][20][21] have provided a framework for researchers in the domain to carry out advanced studies.…”