Implantogenomic: Conceptualizing Osseointegration toward Personalized Dental Implant Therapy

Abstract

The spectrum of patients’ needs for dental implant treatment ranges between healthy individuals to those with complex diseases and compromised jaw bones. The aim of this review chapter is to introduce the application of personalized dental medicine to dental implant field as a therapeutic strategy that is best suited to individualized patient’s genetic makeup “Implantogenomics” to enhance their longevity and clinical outcomes. The ultimate goal of personalized medicine and dentistry is tailoring targeted treatment to the patient’s individual genetic makeup and having predictive outcomes. This approach will transfer the traditionally known “one size fits all” to an actionable model, tailoring therapy to individuals in a homogenous stratified group. In this review chapter, in analogy to pharmacogenomics, personalized dental implant and its implantogenomics concept have been proposed as a novel application of personalized dentistry. It is conceivable that the actionable model that integrates genomics and materiomics will accelerate the production of personalized implantable biomaterials and biomedical devices. Moreover, the convergence of multi-disciplines including biological sciences, material sciences, and computational tools may underpin the application of personalized dental implant therapy in the future. This approach will unleash the potential of advancing technologies to tailor dental implants targeting different subpopulations. Despite this optimistic goal, challengeable remains ahead of us where the conduction of well-directed scientific and clinical research is needed.

Signaling pathways of dental implants’ osseointegration: a narrative review on two of the most relevant; NF-κB and Wnt pathways

“…Personalized/precision medicine is an evolving healthcare strategy aiming to tailor a specific medical treatment following the patient's individual genetic, anatomical and physiological characteristics. The same can be applied to the dental field where personalized dentistry gained recent attention, especially in dental implants therapy where the biological concepts -like the signaling pathways-play a pivotal role in the success or failure of implant's therapy [104].…”

“…-Then identifying biomarkers predicting the prognosis of implant healing in each patient's subpopulation. -Finally, the third component is the idea of designing an implant that suits each subpopulation following their genetic constitution [104,105].…”

“…This concept offers challenging opportunities for multidisciplinary research combining multi-omics fields with advanced material science and biotechnology using recent bioinformatics and artificial intelligence tools. A long road of research is needed to reach this optimistic goal and develop the new field of implantogenomics or implantomics [104]. Recent advanced omics technologies enabled better understanding of cell-to-cell communication and gene in the implant microenvironment [106].…”