Impfquoten bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland – Aktuelles aus der KV-Impfsurveillance und der Onlinebefragung von Krankenhauspersonal OKaPII

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination coverage remains low in Germany. Our case–control study (2018–2020) aimed to examine reasons for low vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and vaccine breakthrough infections (VBIs). Telephone interviews (581 cases, 975 matched controls) covered vaccinations, vaccination barriers, and confounders identified with directed acyclic graphs. Multivariable logistic regression determined VE as 1—odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We additionally calculated VE with the Screening method using routine surveillance and vaccination coverage data. Main vaccination barriers were poor risk perception and fear of adverse events. VE was 96.6% (95% CI 93.7–98.2) for ≥ 3 doses and manufacturer-recommended dosing intervals. Without boosters, VE after ≥ 3 doses at ≤ 10 years was 91.2% (95% CI 82.7–95.6). VE was similar for homologous/heterologous vaccination. Utilising routine surveillance data, VE was comparable (≥ 3 doses: 92.8%). VBIs (n = 17, 2.9% of cases) were older, had more comorbidities and higher severity than unvaccinated cases. However, only few VBIs were diagnostically confirmed; 57% of re-tested vaccinated cases (≥ 1 dose, n = 54) proved false positive. To increase TBE vaccine uptake, communication efforts should address complacency and increase confidence in the vaccines’ safety. The observed duration of high VE may inform decision-makers to consider extending booster intervals to 10 years.

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“…P v for ≥ 3 doses on-time, all ages, was derived from routine data for 2019 21 , i.e. 18.98% in the TBE risk areas of the study area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany

Nygren

Pilic

Böhmer

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Based on existing research, summer and spring temperature, summer precipitation, land cover, snow cover days, frost days, and hot days were included as abiotic determinants into this analysis [ 1 , 12 , 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. We moreover included important anthropogenic and biotic factors such as vaccination coverage, population density, and tick density [ 25 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A polygon file for population density at the community level was obtained from the BKG for 2018 [ 40 ]. Lastly, coverage of complete and timely vaccination per district population (%) for 2018 was obtained through the national vaccination monitoring system “KV-Impfsurveillance” of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) [ 39 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geo-Spatial Characteristics of 567 Places of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Infection in Southern Germany, 2018–2020

et al. 2022

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Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a growing public health problem with increasing incidence and expanding risk areas. Improved prevention requires better understanding of the spatial distribution and ecological determinants of TBE transmission. However, a TBE risk map at sub-district level is still missing for Germany. We investigated the distribution and geo-spatial characteristics of 567 self-reported places of probable TBE infection (POI) from 359 cases notified in 2018–2020 in the study area of Bavaria and Baden-Wuerttemberg, compared to 41 confirmed TBE foci and 1701 random comparator places. We built an ecological niche model to interpolate TBE risk to the entire study area. POI were distributed heterogeneously at sub-district level, as predicted probabilities varied markedly across regions (range 0–93%). POI were spatially associated with abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic geo-spatial characteristics, including summer precipitation, population density, and annual frost days. The model performed with 69% sensitivity and 63% specificity at an optimised probability threshold (0.28) and an area under the curve of 0.73. We observed high predictive probabilities in small-scale areas, consistent with the known circulation of the TBE virus in spatially restricted microfoci. Supported by further field work, our findings may help identify new TBE foci. Our fine-grained risk map could supplement targeted prevention in risk areas.

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“…Yet there are significant vaccination gaps within the nursing profession. In an online survey in 2019/2020, 79.3% of physicians were vaccinated against influenza, in the same period the rate of nurses vaccinated was only 46.7% [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude and behavior towards vaccinations among nursing- and health care students in Hesse. An observational study

Berg¹,

Wicker

2021

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Objective: Work-related vaccinations are recommended for employees in nursing and health care professions due to their elevated risk of infection because of job-related exposure. These vaccinations prevent work-related infections, protect patients and help to maintain the medical infrastructure. Thorough training and imparting of knowledge about vaccinations and work-related infections are essential pillars of the vaccination decision and thus for achieving a protective immune status. The present study examines the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of nursing- and health care students in Hesse regarding work-related infections and vaccinations. Methods: In spring 2018, seven nursing schools in Hesse took part in an anonymous survey study. A total of 690 surveys from students of various health care professions were included in the study. The content of the survey was based on the recommendations of the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO), a literature review and sample questions from the World Health Organization (WHO) regarding “vaccine hesitancy”. Vaccination cards were also evaluated based on the STIKO recommendations concerning standard vaccinations and occupational vaccinations for health care workers. Results: The risk of acquiring a work-related infection was estimated to be quite high over all years of training. Gaps in knowledge were particularly evident in the area of vaccinations. Only three quarter of those surveyed believed that the effectiveness of vaccinations has been proven, and nearly 30% believed that the doses of the drugs used in vaccines were dangerous. Over 80% of the students had never had an influenza vaccination documented in their vaccination card. Conclusions: The knowledge about vaccinations imparted in the course of the education should be expanded. A special course on the subject of vaccinations and the immune system with practical elements could contribute to a better understanding of how vaccinations work and misunderstandings could be eliminated in early stages of the training through the dialog between the students and the teacher in the classroom and the occupational physician as part of preventive occupational health check-ups.

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Impfquoten bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland – Aktuelles aus der KV-Impfsurveillance und der Onlinebefragung von Krankenhauspersonal OKaPII

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany

Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine effectiveness and barriers to vaccination in Germany

Geo-Spatial Characteristics of 567 Places of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Infection in Southern Germany, 2018–2020

Knowledge, attitude and behavior towards vaccinations among nursing- and health care students in Hesse. An observational study

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