Impfen im Kontext globaler Herausforderungen

A Systematic Review of Factors Affecting Mental Health and Well-Being of Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Germany

“…Simultaneously, waiting for an asylum decision was associated with higher symptom rates of PGD (20.7% first application, 37.5% in appeal), PCBD (20.7% first application, 25.0% in appeal) and PTSD (55.1% first application, 59.3% in appeal) compared to having already received a residence permit ( 54 ). Participants with a pending or rejected application had a 1.76 times (range 1.52–2.05) higher risk of showing depressive symptoms than those with a recognized asylum application ( 51 ). Thereby, the subjective feeling of having waited a long time for an asylum hearing, regardless of the actual length of stay in Germany, was significantly associated with depressive symptoms ( 50 ).…”

“…The search thereby resulted in a total of 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria and thus were included in the systematic analysis. All included studies were published in English except for two which were published in German ( 50 , 51 ). All relevant information has been translated into English.…”

“…Seventeen different instruments were used in these studies. In six studies, questionnaires were completed by participants (self-report) ( 50 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 61 , 62 ), while the studies by Comtesse and Rosner ( 54 ) and Kaltenbach et al ( 60 ) used semi-structured clinical interviews, and five studies conducted computer-assisted face-to-face interviews ( 51 , 56 – 59 ). All instruments used in the studies and their validity are presented in Supplementary Table A3 .…”

“…Winkler et al ( 50 ) found depressive symptoms in 61.3% of participants using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (HSCL-25), which is a clinical symptom checklist with 25 items used to measure the differentiated assessment of anxiety and depression as well as the resulting global mental stress ( 64 , 65 ). The 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-2; ( 66 )] was used in the study by Nutsch and Bozorgmehr ( 51 ), in which 19.4% of the participants showed symptoms of portable major depression (MD) during the last two weeks. El Khoury ( 52 ) used the 18-item version of the Mental Health Inventory [MHI; ( 67 )] to evaluate the psychological experiences of participants within the past 4 weeks.…”

“…Although Borho et al ( 61 ) found that GAD symptom rates remained relatively stable over one and a half years [16.7% (T1), 15.7% (T2)] using the GAD-7, stronger GAD symptoms were significantly predicted by females gender at both measurements. Using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 [GAD-2; ( 69 )], portable GAD symptoms were found in 21.5% of the participants ( 51 ). In the study by Winkler et al ( 50 ) 52.3% of the participants showed symptoms of GAD, which was assessed with the HSCL-25.…”