Impedance Spectroscopy Study of Bis(2-Amino-6-Methylpyridinium) Tetrachloridozincate

Abstract

The complex impedance of the bis(2-amino-6-methylpyridine) tetrachloridozincate compound (C6H9N2)2ZnCl4 has been investigated in the temperature range 313–403 K and in the frequency range 200 Hz–5 MHz. The impedance plots show semicircle arcs at different temperatures and an electrical equivalent circuit has been proposed to explain the impedance results. The circuits consist of the parallel combination of bulk resistance Rp and constant phase elements (CPE). The bulk resistance of the material decreases with rise in temperature. dc conduction activation energies are estimated from Arrhenius plots. The frequency-dependent conductivity data are fitted in the modified power law: σ ac (ω) = σ dc + A1ωs1 + A2ωs2. Dielectric data were analyzed using complex electrical modulus M* at various temperatures. The modulus plot can be characterized by full width at half height or by β values of Kohlrausch–William–Watts (KWW) function. Activation energy of hopping is almost close to the activation energy of conduction suggesting a hopping transport mechanism.

Temperature- and frequency-dependent dielectric properties of organic–inorganic hybrid compound: (C6H9N2)2(Hg0.75Cd0.25)Cl4

“…The complex electrical modulus formalism has been used in the analysis of the electrical properties because it gives the main response of the bulk of the crystal sample and is particularly suitable to extract phenomena such as electrode polarization and conductivity relaxation times [24][25]. The complex electric modulus can be represented by the following expression [26]: The peaks existing at low frequency suggests that the ions can move over long distances, whereas high-frequency peaks suggest the confinement of ions in their potential well.…”