Impedance Spectroscopy Structural Analysis: Ca-Dopant Segregation in (Pb_0.75Ba_0.25)(Zr_0.70Ti_0.30)O₃

Abstract

In this paper we address the hitherto unreported structural dependence of the electrical properties of lead-barium-zirconatetitanate (PBZT) solid solution associated with Ca-dopant segregation. Our research takes into account the already well-known fact that the physical properties of metal oxides are affected by the oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere, and indicates the necessity of the thorough correction of experimental data obtained so far by ex situ measurements in high vacuum. In contrast, impedance spectroscopy (IS) offers in situ structure examination under ambient conditions. IS is shown to be an efficient method capable of detecting the contributions of the resistances of grains and grain boundaries resistance to the complex impedance of a compound, accurately estimating its electrical conductivity as well as its corresponding activation energies and conclude on its structural properties. This is demonstrated for the case of calcium segregation in the grain boundaries of PBZT. The obtained values have additionally been verified by microstructural investigations of this material by microscopic observations and composition analysis [energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)].

Mechanical examination of PZT microfibre defects structure

“…PZT-type materials' X-ray diffraction pattern reflects splitting the diffraction peaks and movement of their location to the lower value of 2 angle, due to the presence of Pb-deficient in perovskite phase. Furthermore, this point defect structure generates a space charge producing additional distortion of the perovskite unit cell due to a changed balance in electrostatic forces [5,6]. The lattice parameter c increases with the decreasing Pb content and is connected with higher deformation of the unit cell defined from Equation (1).…”

Technology and electrophysical properties of Mn4+, Sb3+, Dy3+ and W6+ -doped Pb(Zr0.49Ti0.51)O3 ceramics

“…[1][2][3][4][5]. The properties of PZT-type ceramics depend on the ratio of Zr 4+ /Ti 4+ and on the admixtures introduced to the base composition [6][7][8][9][10]11]. In the room temperature pure PZT has ferroelectric properties (so it possesses also piezo and pyroelectric properties) for: 0.042<x<0.380 (rhombohedral phase R3c), 0.380<x<0.470 (rhombohedral phase R3m) as well as 0.480<x<1.000 (tetragonal phase P4mm) [5,12].…”

The Basic Properties of the Ferroelectromagnetic Composites Based on the Ferrite and PZT-Type Powders

“…In the recent years materials with ferroic and multiferroic properties have increasingly been used in wider microelectronics and micromechatronics, for instance as sensors, actuators or piezoelectric transducers [1][2][3][4][5]. Materials of the most comprehensive application possibilities with strong piezoelectric properties include the multicomponent solid solutions of the PbZr 1-x Ti x O 3 type.…”