Impedance Spectroscopic Studies on Zr-Modified BI3.25LA0.75TI3O12 Ceramics

Abstract

Zr La 0.75 Bi 3.25 Ti (with x=0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0), ceramics were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. Impedance measurements were made as a function of frequency (100 Hz -1 MHz), from RT to 550 o C. Complex impedance analysis was used as a tool to analyze the electrical behavior of different micro-elemental regions. Cole-Cole plots showed depressed semicircles, which indicate non-Debye relaxation. Different micro-elemental values, namely grain resistance (R g ), grain boundary resistance (R gb ), electrode resistance (R el ) and their capacitance values were evaluated, by using Z-view software. The micro-elemental conductivity Vs Temperature plots showed the linear (Arrhenius) nature, and the activation energies were calculated. The multiple activation process, present in the title compound, was corroborated with the DC-conductivity data and our earlier ferroelectric (P vs. E) results.