Impatiens pinganoensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Angola

Abrahamczyk, Stefan; Janssens, Steven; Xixima, Lázaro; Ditsch, Barbara; Fischer, Eberhard

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.3

Cited by 12 publications

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“…Five hotspots of Impatiens diversity are recognized: tropical Africa (c. 131 spp.) ( Abrahamczyk et al, 2016 ; Janssens et al, 2018 ), Madagascar (c. 260 spp. ), south India and Sri Lanka (c. 200 spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Taxonomic Significance of Seed Micromorphology in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

et al. 2022

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Impatiens is one of the most species-rich genera of angiosperms, with more than 1,000 species distributed in Eurasia and Africa. Previous studies have shown that seeds of Impatiens display enormous morphological diversity, and seed micromorphology may contribute to the classification of those species. However, the micromorphological seed coat characteristics of Impatiens seeds have not been systematically studied. In this study, we examined 117 Impatiens seeds from two subgenera and seven sections, and analyzed the seed characters of shape, primary ornamentation, secondary ornamentation, anticlinal cell wall, and periclinal cell wall. We discovered that, according to the different shapes of ornamentation, seed coat can be divided into three types, viz, reticulate type, protrusive type, appendicular type, and that they can be further subdivided into 10 subtypes. In addition, the characteristics of seed coat ornamentation with taxonomic significance in this genus are discussed. We reconstructed the ancestral states of the above seed characters of the Impatiens using the maximum likelihood approach based on the reconstructed phylogenetic framework. The seed character reconstruction showed that the seed shape, primary ornamentation, and anticlinal cell wall could be identified as unambiguous, while other characters were ambiguous in the last common ancestor of Impatiens. Reconstruction of important seed morphological characters showed that the secondary ornamentation possesses high plasticity, and the primary ornamentation has high homology. In addition, we inferred the evolutionary trends of seed ornamentation and found that the seed coat ornamentation of Impatiens experienced a complex evolutionary process from a reticulate type into more complex types. We also discussed the relationship between seed coat diversity vs. environmental adaptation and seed dispersal in Impatiens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and Taxonomic Significance of Seed Micromorphology in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

et al. 2022

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“…An important element in the African flora that is also well represented in the Albertine Rift is the species-rich, herbaceous genus Impatiens L. (Linnaeus, 1753: 937). This genus contains more than 1200 species (Yuan & al., 2004;Janssens, 2008;Janssens & al., 2009aJanssens & al., ,b, 2011, of which 131 occur in tropical Africa (Abrahamczyk & al., 2016;Janssens & al., 2018). Alongside with the western African mountain ranges (28 endemic species; Janssens & al., 2010) and the Eastern Arc Mountains and Kenyan Highlands (24 endemic species; Grey-Wilson, 1980;Janssens & al., 2018), the Albertine Rift (20 endemic species; Wilczek & Schulze, 1960;Grey-Wilson, 1980;Fischer, 1997;Fischer & al., 2003) can be considered one of the most important centres of diversity for Impatiens in tropical Africa.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Albertine Rift – The endemic Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex consists of ten species

Fischer

Abrahamczyk

Holstein

et al. 2021

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The Albertine Rift harbours a highly diverse flora with numerous endemic species. An important component of the forest understorey is the herbaceous genus Impatiens. Fieldwork in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda as well as morphological studies indicated that the Albertine Rift endemic Impatiens purpureoviolacea represents a species complex. We analyzed the hidden diversity of the complex using morphological and molecular data supplemented by herbarium studies. We found that the Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex can be divided into morphologically and phylogenetically well characterized clades containing ten species and a natural hybrid. We describe all of these species, provide a species key and analyze their evolutionary history. Beside Impatiens purpureoviolacea and I. gesneroidea, the already described I. urundiensis is resurrected from synonymy. Two varieties, Impatiens purpureoviolacea var. longicalcarata and I. gesneroidea var. superglabra are raised to species status, and five new species (Impatiens elwiraurzulae, I. lotteri, I. ludewigii, I. lutzmannii, I. versicolor) and a new natural hybrid (I. ×troupinii) are described. Within the mostly insect-pollinated species of the clade, two bird-pollinated species (Impatiens gesneroidea, I. superglabra) evolved independently. The clade split from its sister taxon in the Pliocene and started diversifying during the Pliocene/ Pleistocene transition in parallel to an increased mountain uplifting and volcanic activity in the Albertine Rift. It further diversified during the Pleistocene, likely due to the changes in forest cover and connectivity induced by climatic fluctuations.

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“…Each year, several new species are described (e.g. Janssens et al , 2009 b , 2010, 2011, 2018; Abrahamczyk et al , 2016; Fischer et al , 2017). Its representatives are mainly growing in montane forests of the Old World tropics and sub-tropics (Yuan et al , 2004; Janssens et al , 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar traits differ between pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae

et al. 2019

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Background and Aims The attractiveness of nectar rewards depends both on the quantity of nectar produced and on its chemical composition. It is known that nectar quantity and chemical composition can differ in plant species depending on the main pollinator associated with the species. The main aims of this study were to test formally whether nectar traits are adapted to pollination syndromes in the speciose Balsaminaceae and, if so, whether a combination of nectar traits mirrors pollination syndromes. Methods Comparative methods based on Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models were used to test whether nectar volume, nectar sucrose proportion, sugar and amino acid concentration and amino acid composition had evolved as a function of pollination syndromes in 57 species of Balsaminaceae. Cluster analysis and ordination were performed to derive clusters of species resembling each other in nectar composition. Key Results Evolutionary models for nectar volume and nectar sucrose proportion performed best when including information on pollination syndrome, while including such information improve model fit neither for sugar and amino acid concentration nor for amino acid composition. A significant relationship emerged between pollination syndrome and the combined nectar traits. Conclusions Our results show that nectar volume and nectar sucrose proportion evolve rapidly towards optimal values associated with different pollination syndromes. The detection of a signal indicating that nectar traits in combination are to a certain extent able to predict pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae suggests that a holistic approach including the whole set of nectar traits helps us to better understand evolution of nectar composition in response to pollinators.

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Impatiens pinganoensis (Balsaminaceae), a new species from Angola

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution and Taxonomic Significance of Seed Micromorphology in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

Evolution and Taxonomic Significance of Seed Micromorphology in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

Evolution of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in the Albertine Rift – The endemic Impatiens purpureoviolacea complex consists of ten species

Nectar traits differ between pollination syndromes in Balsaminaceae

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