Impairment of object recognition memory by rapamycin inhibition of mTOR in the amygdala or hippocampus around the time of learning or reactivation

Piromelatine ameliorates memory deficits associated with chronic mild stress-induced anhedonia in rats

“…The specific receptor mechanism by which piromelatine exerts its improving activities on memory performance remains unclear. Previous studies have shown that the hippocampus plays a critical role in cognitive performance tested by the NOR and the Y-maze tests (Jezek et al 2002;Jobim et al 2012). The MT1 and MT2 and 5-HT1A/D receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system (Dubocovich and Markowska 2005), including the hippocampus (Musshoff et al 2002).…”

Two waves of proteasome-dependent protein degradation in the hippocampus are required for recognition memory consolidation

“…Animals were implanted under anesthesia with ketamine (75 mg/kg) and xylasine (25 mg/kg) with bilateral 14-mm or 9.0-mm, 23-gauge guide cannulae aimed 1.0 mm above the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus, as described in previous studies (de Lima et al, 2006;Jobim et al, 2012). Coordinates anteroposterior, À4.3 mm from bregma; mediolateral, ±3.0 mm from bregma; ventral, À2.0 mm from skull surface were obtained from the atlas of Paxinos and Watson (2007).…”

“…General procedures for intrahippocampal infusions were described in previous reports (de Lima et al, 2006;Jobim et al, 2012). At the time of infusion, a 30-gauge infusion needle was fitted into the guide cannula.…”

“…Exploration was defined as sniffing or touching the object with the nose and/or forepaws, sitting on the object was not considered exploration. General training and test procedures followed the methods described in previous reports (de Lima et al, 2005;2006;Jobim et al, 2012;Reolon et al, 2011). Rats were left to explore the empty arena for 5 min in the first day (habituation).…”

Alpha-Linolenic Acid-Induced Increase in Neurogenesis is a Key Factor in the Improvement in the Passive Avoidance Task After Soman Exposure

“…One possible mechanism that may be involved in this process is the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway which is known to mediate several cellular processes in brain, and a mTOR-mediated mechanism has been suggested to play a major role in some behavior and cognitive effects in rodents such as antidepressant-like activity (Li et al 2010;Marsden 2012) and memory formation (Dash et al 2006;Jobim et al 2012). Upstream activation of mTOR through Akt is regulated by neurotrophins such as BDNF via activation of its cognate receptor TrkB (Swiech et al 2008) which in turn regulates protein synthesis, mitochondrial function and autophagy (Wullschleger et al 2006).…”