Impairment of Immune Systems in Diabetes

Abstract

Abstract:Type I diabetes mellitus (Tl OM) is an autoimm une disease th at involve s the progr essive destruction of the insulin-producing [3 ce lls in the islets oflangerhan s. It is a complex process that result s from the loss of toleranc e to insulin and other [3-cell-specific antigens. Var ious genetic and environmental factors ha ve been studied so far, but preci se causation has ye t to be establi shed. Numerous studies in rodents and hum an subj ects have been performed in order to elucidate the role of B and T cell s, wh ich determine the risk ofdevelopment and progression ofdiabetes. These studie s have demonstrated that while T 10M is funda mentally a T-c ell-medi ated autoimmune response, the dev elopment of this disease results from complex interactions between the adapti ve and innate immune system s, with numerous cell typ es thou ght to contribute to pathogenesis. Like any compl ex diseas e, the va riation in severity and inciden ce of T 10M can be att ribut ed to a combination of genetic and env ironmental factors.

Some Selected Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Potentials

“…Hence, pancreatic β-cell destruction involves autoimmune mechanisms. Therefore, type 1 diabetes mellitus is also known as 'autoimmune' type 1 diabetes mellitus [14,[15][16]].…”

Blastomyces Tenosynovitis of the Foot and Ankle: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Candida and Aspergillus infections persist when phagocytosis is impaired, and defects in T cell-mediated immunity can prolong infections by Blastomyces, Histoplasma, Coccidioides, and Sporothrix. Those with diabetes experience impairments in both phagocytosis and T cell-mediated immunity; however, the latter might be the primary mechanism of immunodeficiency in those with insulin-dependent diabetes, such as the present patient (13).…”

Glibenclamide attenuates myocardial injury by lipopolysaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

“…Severe sepsis and systemic inflammation are the leading causes of mortality in critically ill patients, resulting from a systemic oxidative-mediated inflammatory response to severe bacterial infection [34]. It is well known that acute infections lead to difficulty in controlling blood glucose and that infection is the most frequently documented cause of ketoacidosis during diabetes mellitus [35]. In this study, the endotoxemic mice displayed hypotension, decreased heart rate, and elevated serum epinephrine level after LPS stimulation, which was consistent with previous reports [24,36,37].…”