Impairment‐driven cancer rehabilitation: An essential component of quality care and survivorship

Abstract

Adult cancer survivors suffer an extremely diverse and complex set of impairments, affecting virtually every organ system. Both physical and psychological impairments may contribute to a decreased health-related quality of life and should be identified throughout the care continuum. Recent evidence suggests that more cancer survivors have a reduced health-related quality of life as a result of physical impairments than due to psychological ones. Research has also demonstrated that the majority of cancer survivors will have significant impairments and that these often go undetected and/or untreated, and consequently may result in disability. Furthermore, physical disability is a leading cause of distress in this population. The scientific literature has shown that rehabilitation improves pain, function, and quality of life in cancer survivors. In fact, rehabilitation efforts can ameliorate physical (including cognitive) impairments at every stage along the course of treatment. This includes prehabilitation before cancer treatment commences and multimodal interdisciplinary rehabilitation during and after acute cancer treatment. Rehabilitation appears to be cost-effective and may reduce both direct and indirect health care costs, thereby reducing the enormous financial burden of cancer. Therefore, it is critical that survivors are screened for both psychological and physical impairments and then referred appropriately to trained rehabilitation health care professionals. This review suggests an impairment-driven cancer rehabilitation model that includes screening and treating impairments all along the care continuum in order to minimize disability and maximize quality of life.

Rehabilitation and Exercise Oncology Program: Translating Research into a Model of Care

“…Cancer rehabilitation services and exercise prescription have been shown to enhance the quality of survivorship by providing targeted interventions to reduce impairments and the short-and long-term side effects of treatment, allowing for adaptation to daily activities and life roles [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . Evidence includes a substantial number of peer-reviewed articles on the benefits of exercise alone and greatly supports the use of rehabilitation interventions in various cancer populations 12 .…”

Swallowing therapy and progressive resistance training in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment: randomized control trial protocol and preliminary data

“…However, emerging data suggest that cancer patients may benefit from initiating early prehabilitation before and throughout treatment, in order to prevent symptoms and late effects [1]. Prehabilitation thus aims to preserve and enhance pretreatment functional capacity for better tolerance of treatment, facilitate recovery, and prevent development of severe late effects [2].…”

Cancer rehabilitation and palliative care—two important parts of comprehensive cancer care

“…Nevertheless, an underutilization of both services-cancer rehabilitation and palliative care-remains and is well documented [3][4][5][6][7]. Therefore, healthcare professionals should be encouraged to better understand and to recommend (more often and earlier!)…”