Impaired visual search in patients with unilateral neglect: an oculographic analysis

Behrmann, Marlene; Watt, Sharon; Black, Sandra E.; Barton, Jason J.S.

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(97)00058-4

Cited by 199 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Thus, for example, a number of studies have examined the eye movements of patients with scotomas and visual neglect (Behrmann, Watt, Black, & Barton, 1997;DeLuca, SpineUi, & Zoccolotti, 1996;Karnath, 1994;Karnath & Huber, 1992;Kentridge, Heywood, & Weiskrantz, 1997;Ladavas, Zeloni, Zaccara, & Gangemi, 1997;Rizzo & Hurtig, 1992;Walker & Findlay, 1996;Zihl, 1995) as they engage in reading, visual search, and scene perception. Gilchrist, Brown, and Findlay (1997) reported an interesting case of a woman with congenital, extraocular muscular fibrosis who cannot make eye movements.…”

Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Rayner

1998

Psychological Bulletin

6,000

231

5,590

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Recent studies of eye movements in reading and other information processing tasks, such as music reading, typing, visual search, and scene perception, are reviewed. The major emphasis of the review is on reading as a specific example of cognitive processing. Basic topics discussed with respect to reading are (a) the characteristics of eye movements, (b) the perceptual span, (c) integration of information across saccades, (d) eye movement control, and (e) individual differences (including dyslexia). Similar topics are discussed with respect to the other tasks examined. The basic theme of the review is that eye movement data reflect moment-to-moment cognitive processes in the various tasks examined. Theoretical and practical considerations concerning the use of eye movement data are also discussed.Many studies using eye movements to investigate cognitive processes have appeared over the past 20 years. In an earlier review, I (Rayner, 1978b) argued that since the mid-1970s we have been in a third era of eye movement research and that the success of research in the current era would depend on the ingenuity of researchers in designing interesting and informative studies. It would appear from the vast number of studies using eye movement data over the past 20 years that research in this third era is fulfilling the promise inherent in using eye movement behavior to infer cognitive processes. The first era of eye movement research extended from Javal's initial observations concerning the role of eye movements in reading in 1879 (see Huey, 1908) up until about 1920. During this era, many basic facts about eye movements were discovered. Issues such as saccadic suppression (the fact that we do not perceive information during an eye movement), saccade latency (the time that it takes to initiate an eye movement), and the size of the perceptual span (the region of effective vision) were of concern in this era. The second era, which coincided with the behaviorist movement in experimental psychology, tended to have a more applied focus, and little research was undertaken with eye movements to infer cognitive processes. Although classic work by Tinker (1946) on reading and by Buswell (1935) on scene perception was carried out during this era, in retrospect, most of the work seems to have focused on the eye movements per se (or on surface aspects of the task being investigated). Tinker's (1958) final review ended on the rather pessimistic note that almost every-

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Section: Brain Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Rayner

1998

Psychological Bulletin

6,000

231

5,590

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…1 (unfortunately, no scan was available for patient 10, CP). All of the patients, with the exception of CP, have participated in previous eye tracking studies [24,31], and the reader is referred to those papers for further details. Note that, in Table 1, the patient numbers have been labeled so as to be consistent with Ref.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that, in Table 1, the patient numbers have been labeled so as to be consistent with Ref. [24] to allow the reader to compare subject performance across the two papers. Patient AG, who participated in that study, was not included here as he was not a native English speaker.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The words were displayed on a large board, subtending 45°( ± 22.5°) and 36°( ± 18°) of visual angle horizontally and vertically, respectively. This arrangement has proven useful for measuring performance of neglect patients [3,24,32], and recent evidence has suggested that the larger the spatial extent of the stimulus array, the more severe the neglect deficit [33]. The letters were printed in black ink in bold upper case Geneva font on a white background, and each letter subtended 1°of visual angle, well within the resolution of the eye tracker.…”

Section: Word Reading Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this latter situation were so, it would be consistent with an explanation of neglect (and neglect dyslexia) as a higher-order disorder of spatial awareness that cannot be attributed to a more fundamental deficit in which the stimuli are simply not registered or encoded adequately. To the extent that this oculomotor-behavior relationship has been studied, the data are contradictory: many studies have demonstrated an association between the two, such that patients make few contralesional saccades and also do not report the contralateral information [24,25]. A few recent studies, however, have shown that even when the patients fixate the material, they still fail to report it [26 -28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oculographic analysis of word reading in hemispatial neglect

Behrmann

Black

McKeeff

et al. 2002

Physiology & Behavior

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Neglect dyslexia is a disorder in which individuals misread text appearing on the contralateral side of space following an acquired lesion, usually to the right parietal lobe. This disorder is generally attributed to an impairment in representing spatial information. To determine whether the spatial representations underlying reading differ from those mediating other forms of visual behavior, we investigated the cooccurrence of neglect dyslexia with that of neglect, which manifests on tasks such as line bisection or line cancellation. We also examined the correlation between neglect dyslexia, when present, and eye movements in order to characterize the neglect dyslexia disorder further. Whereas there is no clear relationship between the reading disorder and other symptoms of visuospatial neglect, suggesting segregated spatial representations, there is a direct correspondence between the oculomotor performance of patients with neglect dyslexia and their reading behavior. This latter result suggests that the reading deficit may well arise from the failure to register and perceive the contralesional information. D

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Unilateral neglect post stroke: Eye movement frequencies indicate directional hypokinesia while fixation distributions suggest compensational mechanism

et al. 2018

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IntroductionEye movements and spatial attention are closely related, and eye‐tracking can provide valuable information in research on visual attention. We investigated the pathology of overt attention in right hemisphere (RH) stroke patients differing in their severity of neglect symptoms by using eye‐tracking during a dynamic attention task.MethodsEye movements were recorded in 26 RH stroke patients (13 with and 13 without unilateral spatial neglect, and a matched group of 26 healthy controls during a Multiple Object Tracking task. We assessed the frequency and spatial distributions of fixations, as well as frequencies of eye movements to the left and to the right side of visual space so as to investigate individuals’ efficiency of visual processing, distribution of attentional processing resources, and oculomotoric orienting mechanisms.ResultsBoth patient groups showed increased fixation frequencies compared to controls. A spatial bias was found in neglect patients’ fixation distribution, depending on neglect severity (indexed by scores on the Behavioral Inattention Test). Patients with more severe neglect had more fixations within the right field, while patients with less severe neglect had more fixations within their left field. Eye movement frequencies were dependent on direction in the neglect patient group, as they made more eye movements toward the right than toward the left.ConclusionThe patient groups’ higher fixation rates suggest that patients are generally less efficient in visual processing. The spatial bias in fixation distribution, dependent on neglect severity, suggested that patients with less severe neglect were able to use compensational mechanisms in their contralesional space. The observed relation between eye movement rates and directions observed in neglect patients provides a measure of the degree of difficulty these patients may encounter during dynamic situations in daily life and supports the idea that directional oculomotor hypokinesia may be a relevant component in this syndrome.

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Impaired visual search in patients with unilateral neglect: an oculographic analysis

Cited by 199 publications

References 52 publications

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Oculographic analysis of word reading in hemispatial neglect

Unilateral neglect post stroke: Eye movement frequencies indicate directional hypokinesia while fixation distributions suggest compensational mechanism

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