Impaired Skeletal Muscle Vasomotor Response to Infused Noradrenaline in Baboons with Obstructive Jaundice

Bomzon, L.; Wilton, Peter B.; McCalden, T A

doi:10.1042/cs0550109

Cited by 12 publications

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“…In an experimental study with baboons with chronic ligation of the common bile duct, Bomzon et QZ. [15] demonstrated, using the xenon washout technique, that the response of the skeletal vasculature to noradrenaline is reduced. In addition, Finberg et Q.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Salts, Hypotension and Obstructive Jaundice

et al. 1984

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We have examined the effects of bile duct ligation on vascular and extravascular smooth muscle responsiveness to noradrenaline and tyramine using isolated rat hindlimb perfusion, and portal vein and vas deferens preparations. Bile duct ligation reduced the contractile responses to noradrenaline of vascular and extravascular smooth muscle. Exposure of smooth muscle to some bile salts caused a reduction in contractility. This effect was dependent upon bile salt type and concentration. These studies in vitro suggest that the reduced total peripheral resistance and hypotension seen in obstructive jaundice cannot be explained by a spasmolytic effect of some of the bile salts on smooth muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bile Salts, Hypotension and Obstructive Jaundice

et al. 1984

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“…This pool is unavailable for defence of the circulation during haemorrhage in cholestatic rats. In baboons, in spite of normal systemic blood pressure at rest, there is blunted responsiveness of the skeletal muscle vasculature to norepinephrine . The vascular response to vasoactive agents varies among different vascular beds.…”

Section: Hypotension and Impaired Vascular Reactivity In Cholestasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular abnormalities in obstructive cholestasis: the possible mechanisms

Moezi

Dehpour

2012

Liver International

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Cholestatic liver disease is associated with widespread derangements in the cardiovascular system, such as bradycardia, hypotension, QT prolongation and peripheral vasodilation; it is also associated with increased susceptibility to postoperative renal failure and haemorrhagic shock. A number of cellular signalling pathways have been shown to contribute to these abnormalities. In this article, we briefly review recent in vivo and in vitro findings in the field in an attempt to highlight the areas of agreement and areas of controversy. In this review, we will summarize pathogenic mechanisms underlying cardiac and vascular abnormalities in obstructive cholestasis. It seems that cardiovascular dysfunction is likely because of bile acids as one of the predominant factors. Other important factors which might play roles in these abnormalities are increased nitric oxide, endogenous opioids and endocannabinoids. These three factors interact with each other to exert vasodilation and impaired cardiovascular responses to sympathetic stimulation.For many years, surgeons were puzzled and distressed by the frequent complications of hypotension and kidney failure after surgery on patients with obstructive jaundice (1-3). Increased recognition and awareness of this clinical problem have led to extensive clinical and laboratory investigations, resulting in a better appreciation of the relationship between the liver, the kidney and the cardiovascular system. The first to make a systematic study of the bradycardia of jaundice was RÖ hrig, in 1863, who showed that the bile salts are responsible for the bradycardia and low blood pressure of jaundice (4). In 1911, Clairmont and von Haberer first described the occurrence of renal failure developing after surgery for obstructive jaundice. Following these original observations, numerous clinical series have been reported in the literature, all of which point to a strong association between post-surgical renal failure and obstructive jaundice. A review of the different series indicates that the overall mortality rate for patients undergoing surgery for obstructive jaundice is 16% to 18%. Acute renal failure occurs in approximately 8% to 10% of patients requiring surgery for relief of obstructive jaundice and contributes to eventual mortality in 70% to 80% of those who develop it (5).In this review, we attempt to summarize the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cardiac and vascular abnormalities in cholestasis. Human data in this field is relatively scarce; majority of the findings discussed in this article are based on animal studies. The Figure 1 summarizes the major pathologic mechanisms in the blood vessels and/or the heart. Cardiac abnormalities in cholestasisThe association of obstructive jaundice with bradycardia has been known for over a century (5). It is also well known that cholestatic liver disease is associated with hypotension (6, 7), QT prolongation (8) and hyporesponsiveness of the heart to adrenergic stimulation (9, 10). Literature reports also have described a card...

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“…109 Παρόμοιες πειραματικές μελέτες σε πιθήκους έδειξαν ότι ενώ διατηρείται φυσιολογική, η συστημα τική πίεση, ελαττώνεται η αγγειοσυσπαστική απάντηση των αγγείων των σκελετικών μυών στη διέγερση των α-αδρενεργικών υποδοχοέων. 110 Η μελέτη της νεφρικής αιματικής ροής έδειξε πειραματικά σε σκύλους και ποντίκια φυσιολογική σπειραματική διήθηση, 111 αλλά σε πιθήκους ελάτ τωση της συνολικής ολικής νεφρικής ροής και ανακατανομή του αίματος προς τον εσωτερικό φλοιό εις βάρος της αιμάτωσης του έξω φλοιού του νεφρού. 112,113 'Οσον αφορά τις ιστολογικές μεταβολές που παρατηρούνται στο νεφρικό παρέγχυμα μετά από απολίνωση του χοληδόχου πόρου σε πειραματική μελέτη σε ποντίκια διαπιστώθηκε διόγκωση κυττάρων στα εσπειραμένα σωληνάρια, κενοτοποιώδης εκφύλιση, ρήξη κυτταρικών συστατικών, χολι κοί κρύσταλλοι 114 και αυξημένη απέκριση Να στα ούρα.…”

Section: οξεια νεφρικη ανεπαρκειαunclassified

Προγνωστικη Αξια Των Παραγοντων Κινδυνου Σε Ασθενεις Με Αποφρακτικο Ικτερο

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Impaired Skeletal Muscle Vasomotor Response to Infused Noradrenaline in Baboons with Obstructive Jaundice

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Bile Salts, Hypotension and Obstructive Jaundice

Bile Salts, Hypotension and Obstructive Jaundice

Cardiovascular abnormalities in obstructive cholestasis: the possible mechanisms

Προγνωστικη Αξια Των Παραγοντων Κινδυνου Σε Ασθενεις Με Αποφρακτικο Ικτερο

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