Impaired Postprandial Response of Active Ghrelin and Prolonged Suppression of Hunger Sensation in the Elderly

Bauer, Jüergen M.; Haack, Adriana; Winning, K.; Wirth, Rainer; Fischer, Barbora; Uter, Wolfgang; Erdmann, Johannes; Schusdziarra, V.; Sieber, Cornel

doi:10.1093/gerona/glp174

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These three studies do not provide a consistent picture, demonstrating either no difference in fasting ghrelin concentrations between young and elderly (Schneider et al. , 2008), no difference in fasting but higher overall ghrelin release in the older adults (Bauer et al. , 2010) and lower fasting and post‐prandial ghrelin concentrations in older adults (Di Francesco et al.…”

Section: Ghrelin Alterations In Ageingmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Gastrointestinal hormones: the regulation of appetite and the anorexia of ageing

Moss

Dhillo

Frost

et al. 2011

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Loss of appetite is frequently observed during ageing, termed the 'anorexia of ageing'. Ageing is associated with the inability to appropriately increase food intake after under-eating in the short- and long-term. Older people also report lower feelings of hunger and increased feelings of satiety and fullness. Gastrointestinal peptide hormones are a major part of the appetite regulatory system and are released in response to nutritional stimuli. They can be classified as: anorexigenic (satiety) [e.g. peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1, pancreatic polypeptide, oxyntomodulin and cholecystokinin (CCK)] or orexigenic (hunger) (e.g. ghrelin). Although the control of appetite is not fully understood, it is clear that these hormones play an important role, and may influence the development and treatment of obesity and under-nutrition. The literature shows a consistent finding that there is a loss of appetite in those aged over 65 years, although how this loss is mediated is not yet clear. Some evidence suggests that with advancing age there is an increase in satiety hormones, such as CCK and PYY, and a decrease in the hunger hormone, ghrelin. However, not all studies agree, emphasising the need for more in-depth research to clarify age-related changes. This knowledge will enable us to develop therapies to help prevent under-nutrition during ageing. This review explores how age influences gastrointestinal appetite hormones in humans, as well as how this may contribute to the development of age-related malnutrition.

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Section: Ghrelin Alterations In Ageingmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Two of these used the same acyl ghrelin assay kit (Schneider et al. , 2008; Bauer et al. , 2010), although the other used a different assay (Di Francesco et al.…”

Section: Ghrelin Alterations In Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal hormones: the regulation of appetite and the anorexia of ageing

Moss

Dhillo

Frost

et al. 2011

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…Thus, if no differences were found in total ghrelin between groups there will probably not be such differences in acylated ghrelin, either. Studies have compared fasting and postprandial ghrelin levels in aged and younger populations with no concordant results 9,11,32–36 . Discrepancies may be due to the use of different designs, analytical methods, patient profile (age, gender, BMI, frailty), or to the use of different study meals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have compared fasting and postprandial ghrelin levels in aged and younger populations with no concordant results. 9,11,[32][33][34][35][36] Discrepancies may be due to the use of different designs, analytical methods, patient profile (age, gender, BMI, frailty), or to the use of different study meals. Ghrelin seems to be a long-term regulator of body weight rather than a short-term orexigenic signal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal peptides, gastrointestinal motility, and anorexia of aging in frail elderly persons

Serra‐Prat

Mans

Palomera

et al. 2012

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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Frailty was associated with anorexia, risk of malnutrition, and sarcopenia. Frail persons showed impaired gastric motility (larger antral area at rest, impaired antral compliance, and enhanced postprandial emptying), impaired gallbladder motility, and fasting and/or postprandial alterations in CCK, glucose, and insulin release. Further studies are needed to determine if these factors may contribute to anorexia of aging in frail persons.

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“…Malnutrition does not increase the plasma ghrelin level in elderly persons [83], but the postprandial decrease of the peptide is also impaired [84]. Fat intake in the elderly lowers the ratio of active acylated to desacylated form of ghrelin (and it also increases GLP-1) [85], promoting defect in hunger feeling [27].…”

Section: Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in the Peptidergic Regulation of Energy Balance in the Course of Aging

Pétervári

Soós

Szekely³

et al. 2011

CPPS

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With advancing age most aspects of the peptidergic regulation of energy balance are altered. The alteration involves both the peripheral peptides derived from the adipose tissue or the gastrointestinal tract and the peptides of the central nervous system (brainstem and hypothalamus). In general, the expression of orexigenic peptides and their receptors decreases with age, while that of the anorexic ones rather increases, but not simultaneously and not in a linear fashion. Apart from such quantitative changes, the efficacy of the related peptides may also change with age. These changes are not necessarily linear, either: instead of continuous decline or increase of its effects, the effects of a peptide may become less pronounced in some phases of aging and much enhanced in other ones. Comparing the individual peptides, the phasic alterations in their anabolic or catabolic roles in the regulation of energy balance may exhibit dissimilar time-patterns. In addition, within the overall anabolic or catabolic effects, the feeding and metabolic actions of certain peptides may not change simultaneously. Altogether, as compared with young adults, in middle-aged animals or individuals the anabolic processes (increased food intake with decreased energy expenditure) seem to prevail, which processes may contribute to the explanation of age-related obesity, while in the old ones the catabolic processes (anorexia with enhanced metabolic rate) dominate, which possibly explain the aging anorexia, frailty and sarcopenia.

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Impaired Postprandial Response of Active Ghrelin and Prolonged Suppression of Hunger Sensation in the Elderly

Abstract: Our study demonstrates for the first time that differences in hunger and satiety sensations in relation to age are paralleled by a substantially different response of acylated and total ghrelin, that is, the absence of a postprandial decline in ghrelin levels.

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Gastrointestinal hormones: the regulation of appetite and the anorexia of ageing

Gastrointestinal hormones: the regulation of appetite and the anorexia of ageing

Gastrointestinal peptides, gastrointestinal motility, and anorexia of aging in frail elderly persons

Alterations in the Peptidergic Regulation of Energy Balance in the Course of Aging

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