Impaired Numerical Ability Affects Supra-Second Time Estimation

Gilaie-Dotan, Sharon; Rees, Geraint; Butterworth, Brian; Cappelletti, Marinella

doi:10.1163/22134468-00002026

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…Based on this model, number and duration discrimination rely on a single magnitude system which operates in either the counting or the timing mode (Fetterman, 1993). From an experimental perspective, a number of behavioral (Alards-Tomalin, Walker, Kravetz, & Leboe-McGowan, 2016;Cappelletti, Freeman, & Butterworth, 2011;Cappelletti et al, 2009;Chun, Lee, Lee, & Cho, 2018;Dormal, Seron, & Pesenti, 2006;Gilaie-Dotan, Rees, Butterworth, & Cappelletti, 2014;Javadi & Aichelburg, 2012;Lambrechts, Walsh, & Van Wassenhove, 2013;Martin, Wiener, & Van Wassenhove, 2017;Tokita & Ishiguchi, 2011;Tsouli, Dumoulin, te Pas, & van der Smagt, 2019) and neuroimaging (Bueti & Walsh, 2009;Cappelletti et al, 2014;Castelli, Glaser, & Butterworth, 2006;Hayashi et al, 2013;Javadi, Brunec, Walsh, Penny, & Spiers, 2014) studies provide support for a partly shared processing system for numerosity and time, whereas other studies suggest that numerosity and time are independent and are processed by distinct mechanisms (Agrillo, Piffer, & Adriano, 2013;Agrillo, Ranpura, & Butterworth, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct temporal mechanisms modulate numerosity perception

et al. 2019

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Our ability to process numerical and temporal information is an evolutionary skill thought to originate from a common magnitude system. In line with a common magnitude system, we have previously shown that adaptation to duration alters numerosity perception. Here, we investigate two hypotheses on how duration influences numerosity perception. A channelbased hypothesis predicts that numerosity perception is influenced by adaptation of onset/offset duration channels which also encode numerosity or wire together with numerosity channels (duration/numerosity channels). Hence, the onset/offset duration of the adapter is driving the effect regardless of the total duration of adaptation. A strength-of-adaptation hypothesis predicts that the effect of duration on numerosity perception is driven by the adaptation of numerosity channels only, with the total duration of adaptation driving the effect regardless of the onset/ offset duration of the adapter. We performed two experiments where we manipulated the onset/offset duration of the adapter, the adapter's total presentation time, and the total duration of the adaptation trial. The first experiment tested the effect of adaptation to duration on numerosity discrimination, whereas the second experiment tested the effect of adaptation to numerosity and duration on numerosity discrimination. We found that the effect of adaptation to duration on numerosity perception is primarily driven by adapting duration/numerosity channels, supporting the channel-based hypothesis. In contrast, the effect of adaptation to numerosity on numerosity perception appears to be driven by the total duration of the adaptation trial, supporting the strength-of-adaptation hypothesis. Thus, we show that adaptation of at least two temporal mechanisms influences numerosity perception.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct temporal mechanisms modulate numerosity perception

et al. 2019

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“…This fixed criterion task (Gilaie-Dotan et al, 2011 , 2014 ) required participants to discriminate between two visually presented and a priori known duration intervals of 9 s and 9.9 s in a two alternative forced choice (2AFC) manner. Critically, the same paradigm also served for the non-temporal control experiment with a simple change of task (see Task 2 below and Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These control tasks had an identical experimental paradigm apart from requiring participants to discriminate between colors instead of discriminating between intervals (i.e., change of task). These color perception controls tasks were inspired by Coull et al’s ( 2004 ) study, and are assumed to rely on color perception mechanisms that have been shown to dissociate from timing mechanisms both neurally and perceptually (Coull et al, 2004 ; Gilaie-Dotan et al, 2011 , 2014 ). As OCD is often accompanied by anxiety and depression (American Psychiatric Association, 2013 ), we also controlled for the levels of these variables using participants’ scores on a self-report scale Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS; see “Materials and Methods” section).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Possible Link between Supra-Second Open-Ended Timing Sensitivity and Obsessive-Compulsive Tendencies

Gilaie-Dotan

Ashkenazi

Dar

2016

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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One of the main characteristics of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the persistent feeling of uncertainty, affecting many domains of actions and feelings. It was recently hypothesized that OCD uncertainty is related to attenuated access to internal states. As supra-second timing is associated with bodily and interoceptive awareness, we examined whether supra-second timing would be associated with OC tendencies. We measured supra-second (~9 s) and sub-second (~450 ms) timing along with control non-temporal perceptual tasks in a group of 60 university students. Supra-second timing was measured either with fixed criterion tasks requiring to temporally discriminate between two predefined fixed interval durations (9 vs. 9.9 s), or with an open-ended task requiring to discriminate between 9 s and longer intervals which were of varying durations that were not a priori known to the participants. The open-ended task employed an adaptive Bayesian procedure that efficiently estimated the duration difference required to discriminate 9 s from longer intervals. We also assessed symptoms of OCD, depression, and anxiety. Open-ended supra-second temporal sensitivity was correlated with OC tendencies, as predicted (even after controlling for depression and anxiety), whereas the other tasks were not. Higher OC tendencies were associated with lower timing sensitivity to 9 s intervals such that participants with higher OC tendency scores required longer interval differences to discriminate 9 s from longer intervals. While these results need to be substantiated in future research, they suggest that open-ended timing tasks, as those encountered in real-life (e.g., estimating how long it would take to complete a task), might be adversely affected in OCD.

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“…The parents of all these children agreed to their children's participation in this study. All comparisons between BN's performance and that of the control group were according to established single case vs. group modified t-test comparisons (Crawford and Howell 1998, Crawford and Garthwaite 2002, Crawford et al 2009, Gilaie-Dotan et al 2009, Gilaie-Dotan et al 2011, Brooks et al 2012, Gilaie-Dotan et al 2013a, Gilaie-Dotan et al 2013c, Gilaie-Dotan et al 2014, Freud et al 2016, using the SINGLIMS software (http://homepages.abdn.ac.uk/j.crawford/pages/dept/SingleCaseMethodsComputerProgra ms.HTM).…”

Section: Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental visual perception deficits with no indications of prosopagnosia in a child with abnormal eye movements

Gilaie-Dotan

Doron

2017

Neuropsychologia

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Visual categories are associated with eccentricity biases in high-order visual cortex: Faces and reading with foveally-biased regions, while common objects and space with mid- and peripherally-biased regions. As face perception and reading are among the most challenging human visual skills, and are often regarded as the peak achievements of a distributed neural network supporting common objects perception, it is unclear why objects, which also rely on foveal vision to be processed, are associated with mid-peripheral rather than with a foveal bias. Here, we studied BN, a 9 y.o. boy who has normal basic-level vision, abnormal (limited) oculomotor pursuit and saccades, and shows developmental object and contour integration deficits but with no indication of prosopagnosia. Although we cannot infer causation from the data presented here, we suggest that normal pursuit and saccades could be critical for the development of contour integration and object perception. While faces and perhaps reading, when fixated upon, take up a small portion of central visual field and require only small eye movements to be properly processed, common objects typically prevail in mid-peripheral visual field and rely on longer-distance voluntary eye movements as saccades to be brought to fixation. While retinal information feeds into early visual cortex in an eccentricity orderly manner, we hypothesize that propagation of non-foveal information to mid and high-order visual cortex critically relies on circuitry involving eye movements. Limited or atypical eye movements, as in the case of BN, may hinder normal information flow to mid-eccentricity biased high-order visual cortex, adversely affecting its development and consequently inducing visual perceptual deficits predominantly for categories associated with these regions.

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Impaired Numerical Ability Affects Supra-Second Time Estimation

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Distinct temporal mechanisms modulate numerosity perception

Distinct temporal mechanisms modulate numerosity perception

A Possible Link between Supra-Second Open-Ended Timing Sensitivity and Obsessive-Compulsive Tendencies

Developmental visual perception deficits with no indications of prosopagnosia in a child with abnormal eye movements

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