Impaired NK cell antiviral cytokine response against influenza virus in small-for-gestational-age neonates

Li, Jinrong; Li, Hong; Mao, Huawei; Yu, Mei; Yang, Fan; Feng, Ting; Fan, Yingying; Lu, Qiao; Shen, Chongyang; Yin, Zongsheng; Mao, Meng; Tu, Wenwei

doi:10.1038/cmi.2013.31

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…54 The authors speculated that the resulting decrease in functional NK cells increases the susceptibility of newborns to IAV. In another study, 55 birth weight influenced cytokine production by UCB NK cells. The UCB NK cells from smaller infants produced less IFN-γ and TNF.…”

Section: Age-dependent Differences In Susceptibility To Iavmentioning

confidence: 91%

Influenza A Virus Infection, Innate Immunity, and Childhood

et al. 2015

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Infection with influenza A virus is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in children worldwide. While it is apparent that adequate activation of the innate immune system is essential for pathogen clearance and host survival, an excessive inflammatory response to infection is detrimental to the young host. A review of the literature indicates that innate immune responses change throughout childhood. Whether these changes are genetically programmed or triggered by environmental cues is unknown. The objectives of this review are to summarize the role of innate immunity in influenza A virus infection in the young child and to highlight possible differences between children and adults that may make children more susceptible to severe influenza A infection. A better understanding of age-related differences in innate immune signaling will be essential to improve care for this high-risk population.Influenza A virus (IAV) is a highly contagious RNA virus that causes respiratory tract infections in humans and animals. Seasonal IAV is responsible for considerable disease worldwide, with the World Health Organization estimating 3 to 5 million severe cases of IAV each year and approximately 250 000 to 500 000 deaths. 1 Pandemics threaten to affect significantly more people. During the 1918 pandemic, it is estimated that IAV was responsible for 50 to 100 million deaths. 2 The burden of IAV infection is highest in children, the elderly, and persons with chronic medical conditions. Each year, IAV infection affects up to 40% of children younger than 5 years in the United States and 90 million

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Section: Age-dependent Differences In Susceptibility To Iavmentioning

confidence: 91%

Influenza A Virus Infection, Innate Immunity, and Childhood

et al. 2015

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“…Our data thus belie any simple expectation of relative immaturity of NK cell development in SGA neonates. There is previous evidence indicating that function may be compromised in cord blood NK cells as compared to NK cells from adult blood, and even more so in NK cells in cord blood from SGA neonates [ 58 ]. While we have not done functional analyses, we have looked at maturity of NK cells based on CD56 staining intensity [ 59 ] and our data do not show any differences in the proportions of mature NK cells between AGA and SGA neonates (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underweight Full-Term Indian Neonates Show Differences in Umbilical Cord Blood Leukocyte Phenotype: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundWhile infections are a major cause of neonatal mortality in India even in full-term neonates, this is an especial problem in the large proportion (~20%) of neonates born underweight (or small-for-gestational-age; SGA). One potential contributory factor for this susceptibility is the possibility that immune system maturation may be affected along with intrauterine growth retardation.MethodsIn order to examine the possibility that differences in immune status may underlie the susceptibility of SGA neonates to infections, we enumerated the frequencies and concentrations of 22 leukocyte subset populations as well as IgM and IgA levels in umbilical cord blood from full-term SGA neonates and compared them with values from normal-weight (or appropriate-for-gestational-age; AGA) full-term neonates. We eliminated most SGA-associated risk factors in the exclusion criteria so as to ensure that AGA-SGA differences, if any, would be more likely to be associated with the underweight status itself.ResultsAn analysis of 502 such samples, including 50 from SGA neonates, showed that SGA neonates have significantly fewer plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), a higher myeloid DC (mDC) to pDC ratio, more natural killer (NK) cells, and higher IgM levels in cord blood in comparison with AGA neonates. Other differences were also observed such as tendencies to lower CD4:CD8 ratios and greater prominence of inflammatory monocytes, mDCs and neutrophils, but while some of them had substantial differences, they did not quite reach the standard level of statistical significance.ConclusionsThese differences in cellular lineages of the immune system possibly reflect stress responses in utero associated with growth restriction. Increased susceptibility to infections may thus be linked to complex immune system dysregulation rather than simply retarded immune system maturation.

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“…162 Similarly, the activity of NK cells in infants is correlated with gestational age 40,[163][164][165] and is significantly impaired at baseline compared to children and adults. The phagocytic activity of fetal neutrophils and monocytes has been observed to be significantly lower than that of healthy neonates and adults, and a direct relationship between gestational age and number of phagocytosing granulocytes has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Surface Phenotype Of T Cells In Early Lifementioning

confidence: 99%