Impaired glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with/without the metabolic syndrome

Schianca, Gian Piero Carnevale; Fra, Gian Paolo; Steffanini, Mara; Pogliani, Gabriele; Marconi, Cecilia; Bigliocca, Marcello; Pirisi, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2014.04.006

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Thirdly, a study on 63,443 men (ages 21–60 years) showed that IFG increases more with age if blood pressure is also elevated ( 98 ) ( Supplementary Figure 6B ). Dysfunction in glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients is therefore frequent and often undiagnosed because an OGTT test to detect IGT is not commonly conducted in the management of hypertension ( 106 ). Additionally, some β-blockers, the first drugs prescribed in the management of hypertension, have the common side effect of inducing acute hyperglycemia ( 107 , 108 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine-Generated View of the Role of Blood Glucose Levels in the Severity of COVID-19

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Lorin

Favreau

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Machine-Generated View of the Role of Blood Glucose Levels in the Severity of COVID-19

Logette

Lorin

Favreau

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…Thirdly, a study on 63,443 men (ages 21 to 60 years) showed that IFG increases more with age if blood pressure is also elevated (100) (Supplementary Figure 6B). Dysfunction in glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients is therefore frequent and often undiagnosed because an OGTT test to detect IGT is not commonly conducted in the management of hypertension (108). Additionally, some β-blockers, the first drugs prescribed in the management of hypertension, have the common side effect of inducing acute hyperglycemia (109, 110).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Blood Glucose Levels as a Primary Risk Factor for the Severity of COVID-19

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Lorin

Favreau

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2 started spreading towards the end of 2019 causing COVID-19, a disease that reached pandemic proportions among the human population within months. The reasons for the spectrum of differences in the severity of the disease across the population, and in particular why the disease affects more severely the aging population and those with specific preconditions are unclear. We developed machine learning models to mine 240,000 scientific papers openly accessible in the CORD-19 database, and constructed knowledge graphs to synthesize the extracted information and navigate the collective knowledge in an attempt to search for a potential common underlying reason for disease severity. The literature repeatedly pointed to elevated blood glucose as a key facilitator in the progression of COVID-19. Indeed, when we retraced the steps of the SARS-CoV-2 infection we found evidence linking elevated glucose to each step of the life-cycle of the virus, progression of the disease, and presentation of symptoms. Specifically, elevations of glucose provide ideal conditions for the virus to evade and weaken the first level of the immune defense system in the lungs, gain access to deep alveolar cells, bind to the ACE2 receptor and enter the pulmonary cells, accelerate replication of the virus within cells increasing cell death and inducing an pulmonary inflammatory response, which overwhelms an already weakened innate immune system to trigger an avalanche of systemic infections, inflammation and cell damage, a cytokine storm and thrombotic events. We tested the feasibility of the hypothesis by analyzing data across papers, reconstructing atomistically the virus at the surface of the pulmonary airways, and performing quantitative computational modeling of the effects of glucose levels on the infection process. We conclude that elevation in glucose levels can facilitate the progression of the disease through multiple mechanisms and can explain much of the variance in disease severity seen across the population. The study proposes diagnostic recommendations, new areas of research and potential treatments, and cautions on treatment strategies and critical care conditions that induce elevations in blood glucose levels.HighlightsPatients with severe COVID-19 commonly present with elevated blood glucose levels.Elevated blood glucose impacts numerous biochemical pathways that can facilitate many steps of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.Elevated blood glucose increases glucose in the pulmonary airway surface liquid (ASL), which breaks down the primary innate antiviral defenses of the lungs and facilitates viral infection and replication.Elevated blood glucose causes dysregulations of the immune response that facilitates the cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Elevated glucose levels act synergistically with SARS-CoV-2-dependent inactivation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to escalate the disease to multi-organ failure and thrombotic events.

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Inter-relations between osteoarthritis and metabolic syndrome: A common link?

et al. 2016

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Impaired glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with/without the metabolic syndrome

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

A Machine-Generated View of the Role of Blood Glucose Levels in the Severity of COVID-19

A Machine-Generated View of the Role of Blood Glucose Levels in the Severity of COVID-19

Elevated Blood Glucose Levels as a Primary Risk Factor for the Severity of COVID-19

Inter-relations between osteoarthritis and metabolic syndrome: A common link?

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