Impaired ability to give a meaning to personally significant events in patients with schizophrenia

Berna, Fabrice; Bennouna-Greene, Mehdi; Potheegadoo, Jevita; Verry, Paulina; Conway, Martin; Danion, Jean-Marie

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2010.12.004

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One possible explanation is that although cognitive behavioral and motivational enhancement techniques are components of IMR that may facilitate change in expectancies of success over time, it is possible that the dose of each of these techniques was inadequate. Alternatively, it may be that deficits in metacognitive capacity (Lysaker et al, 2005), autobiographical memory (Berna et al, 2011), or poor self-integration (McGuire and Lysaker, in press) were important but unmeasured components. Indeed, deficits in metacognitive capacities can produce difficulties in one's abilities to form complex ideas about themselves and about the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expectancies of success as a predictor of negative symptoms reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia

Luther

Fukui

Firmin

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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(2015). Expectancies of success as a predictor of negative symptoms reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 229(1-2), 505-510. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.06.022Running head: EXPECTANCIES OF SUCCESS AND NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS  We examine expectancies of success-beliefs of future success and goal attainment.  118 individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders completed an 18 month study.  High and moderate expectancies of success predicted reduced negative symptoms.  Findings support the cognitive model of negative symptoms. *HighlightsRunning head: EXPECTANCIES OF SUCCESS AND NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS EXPECTANCIES OF SUCCESS AND NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS 2 AbstractNegative symptoms are often enduring and lead to poor functional outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia. The cognitive model of negative symptoms proposes that low expectancies of success contribute to the development and maintenance of negative symptoms; however, longitudinal investigations assessing these beliefs and negative symptoms are needed. The current study examined whether an individual's baseline expectancies of success--one's beliefs about future success and goal attainment--predicted negative symptom reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (n = 118). Data were collected at baseline, 9 months, and 18 months as part of a randomized controlled trial of Illness Management and Recovery. A mixed effects regression analysis revealed a significant reduction in negative symptoms over time, with a significant interaction effect between time and baseline expectancies of success. After controlling for baseline negative symptoms, demographic variables, and treatment conditions, those with high and moderate baseline expectancies of success evidenced a significant reduction in negative symptoms at 18 months, while those with low baseline expectancies of success did not evidence reduced negative symptoms. Findings support the cognitive model of negative symptoms and suggest that expectancies of success may be a useful treatment target for interventions aimed at reducing negative symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expectancies of success as a predictor of negative symptoms reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia

Luther

Fukui

Firmin

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…Metacognitive impairments in schizophrenia are associated with the capacity to monitor one's own thinking and behavior (Koren et al, 2006), to mentalize (Langdon and Coltheart, 2001), and to form complex ideas of one's own life as a narrative spanning a lifetime (Berna et al, 2011). Recently, Lysaker et al (2010) provided substantial evidence that schizophrenia patients struggle not only with how to cope with symptoms and neurocognitive impairment, but also struggle to interpret and make sense of the challenges that they face.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intrinsic motivation and metacognition as predictors of learning potential in patients with remitted schizophrenia

Taş

Brown

Esen-Danacı

et al. 2012

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…Previous studies on SDMs have highlighted several key dimensions along which individuals' SDMs may vary: memory structure (which reflects the level of memory specificity; Blagov & Singer, 2004), integrative meaning (i.e., consisting of ascribing meaning to memories by extracting lessons about the self; Blagov & Singer, 2004), affective responses to memory retrieval (Blagov & Singer, 2004), and thematic content (e.g., life-threatening event, leisure, relationship or achievement events). So far, only a few studies have investigated SDMs in schizophrenia (Berna et al, 2011a(Berna et al, , 2011bRaffard et al, 2009;Raffard, D'Argembeau, Lardi, et al, 2010). Overall, these studies showed that participants with schizophrenia recalled as many specific SDMs as healthy controls (Raffard et al, 2009;Raffard, D'Argembeau, Lardi, et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 96%

“…More precisely, patients recalled fewer memories about past achievements and more memories regarding hospitalisation and stigmatisation of illness, reflecting chaotic life trajectories due to the consequences of the illness (Berna et al, 2011a;Raffard, D'Argembeau, Lardi, et al, 2010). Perhaps most importantly, schizophrenia patients also displayed impairments in organising and giving meaning to their past experiences (Berna et al, 2011a(Berna et al, , 2011bRaffard et al, 2009;Raffard, D'Argembeau, Lardi, et al, 2010). Autobiographical reasoning has been defined as the tendency to draw meaning of an event and entails either an explicit or an implicit relationship between an event and enduring dimensions of the self.…”

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confidence: 97%

Projecting the self into the future in individuals with schizophrenia: a preliminary cross-sectional study

Raffard¹,

Bortolon²,

D’Argembeau³

et al. 2015

Memory

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The ability to project oneself into the future contributes to development and maintenance of a coherent sense of identity. If recent research has revealed that schizophrenia is associated with difficulties envisioning the future, little is known about patients' future self-representations. In this study, 27 participants with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls were asked to simulate mental representations of plausible and highly significant future events (self-defining future projections, SDFPs) that they anticipate to happen in their personal future. Main results showed that schizophrenia patients had difficulties in reflecting on the broader meaning and implications of imagined future events. In addition, and contrary to our hypothesis, a large majority of SDFPs in schizophrenia patients were positive events, including achievements, relationship, and leisure contents. Interestingly, patients and controls did not differ on the perceived probability that these events will occur in the future. Our results suggest that schizophrenia patients have an exaggerated positive perception of their future selves. Together, these findings lend support to the idea that past and future self-defining representations have both similar and distinct characteristics in schizophrenia.

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Impaired ability to give a meaning to personally significant events in patients with schizophrenia

Cited by 62 publications

References 52 publications

Expectancies of success as a predictor of negative symptoms reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia

Expectancies of success as a predictor of negative symptoms reduction over 18 months in individuals with schizophrenia

Intrinsic motivation and metacognition as predictors of learning potential in patients with remitted schizophrenia

Projecting the self into the future in individuals with schizophrenia: a preliminary cross-sectional study

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