“…Given these nutritional and medical virtues of spirulina, it is interesting to turn to this alga in the fight against the coronavirus, especially in Toamasina, a Malagasy city where the COVID-19 pandemic has been rife since March 2020, and where over 75% of the population live below the poverty line defined by the World Bank (Banque Mondiale, 2019;Solofoniaina et al, 2020) .According to official figures as of August 7, 2020, Madagascar, including Toamasina, has been recording since March 2020, 12,526 positive cases for the novel coronavirus, with 134 deaths (WHO, 2020a). In addition to the criteria of vulnerability to COVID-19 linked to smoking (WHO, 2020b;Vardavas & Nikitara, 2020;Cai, 2020;Guan et al, 2020), age (CDC COVID-19 Response Team, 2020) and co morbidities (Fang et al, 2020), it appears that more than 3 out of 4 positive individuals are socio-economically vulnerable to this pandemic (Solofoniaina et al, 2020).…”