Impacts of UV-B radiation on short-term cultures of sea urchin coelomocytes

Matranga, Valeria; Pinsino, Annalisa; Celi, Monica; Bella, G. Di; Natoli, Anthony

doi:10.1007/s00227-005-0212-1

Cited by 67 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…White and red amoebocytes ( Figs 3B, 4D), slow-moving cells with an irregular shape, as well as vibratile cells, have been described previously in various species of sea urchins (Bertheussen and Seljelid 1978;Smith and Davidson 1992;Matranga et al 2006). We found that sea star amoebocytes underwent rapid cytoplasmic fragmentation when illuminated under the microscope (not shown); conversely, vibratile cells had a very fast helicoidal movement (not shown).…”

Section: Identification Of Circulating Coelomocytessupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Previous reports indicated an initial stress response followed by massive intracellular protein turnover during regeneration in armed echinoderms . Other studies described the capacity of sea urchin coelomocytes to respond to a variety of experimentally induced stresses, including traumatic injuries; in all these cases a critical component activated upon stress and associated with the defense mechanism against injury was the Hsp70 protein (Matranga et al 2000(Matranga et al , 2005(Matranga et al , 2006. In this report we described the cellular and biochemical responses of coelomocytes from the common European sea star A. rubens, subjected to a traumatic stress induced in the laboratory by arm amputation mimicking preda- tion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Procedures for sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-Page) and immunoblotting followed those previously reported (Matranga et al 2000(Matranga et al , 2006 with some modification as follows. Briefly, cell pellets were homogenized in about 5 volumes of lysis buffer containing the 20 mM Tris, 2 mM ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1% NP-40, 15% glycerol, and 2 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), supplemented with a cocktail of protease inhibitors: 2 g/L antipain and leupeptin, 1 g/L aprotinin and pepstatin, 1 mM benzamidine, and 0.1 mM phenylmethane-sulphonyfluoride (PMSF).…”

Section: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the sea urchin, both coelomic fluid and coelomocytes have been shown to contain the precursor of toposome (Cervello and Matranga 1989;Cervello et al 1994), an adhesive molecule previously identified in embryos, whose biological role in mediating cellular adhesion has been fully documented (Matranga et al 1986;Scaturro et al 1998). Sea urchin coelomocytes also have been shown to have increased Hsp70 levels in response to temperature stress, acidic pH, heavy metals, and other pollutants (Matranga et al 2000(Matranga et al , 2005(Matranga et al , 2006. The function of Hsp proteins in a number of intracellular processes, such as chaperone guidance (Becker and Craig 1994), protein folding (Buchner 1996), and protection against apoptosis (Parcellier et al 2003), explains their high evolutionary conservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coelomocytes and post-traumatic response in the common sea star Asterias rubens

Pinsino¹,

Thorndyke²,

Matranga³

2007

Cell Stress Chaper

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Coelomocytes are recognized as the main cellular component of the echinoderm immune system. They are the first line of defense and their number and type can vary dramatically during infections or following injury. Sea stars have been used as a model system to study the regeneration process after autotomy or predation. In the present study we examined the cellular and biochemical responses of coelomocytes from the European sea star Asterias rubens to traumatic stress using immunochemical and biochemical approaches. In terms of trauma and post-traumatic stress period, here we consider the experimental arm amputation and the repair phase involved in the first 24 hours postamputation, which mimicked a natural predation event. Four cell morphotypes were distinguishable in the coelomic fluid of both control and post-traumatic-stressed animals (phagocytes, amoebocytes, vibratile cells, hemocytes), but phagocytes were the major components, accounting for about 95% of the total population. Thus, the effects measured relate to the overall population of coelomocytes. A modest increase in the total number of freely circulating coelomocytes was observed 6 hours post-amputation. Interestingly, a monoclonal antibody (McAb) to a sea urchin embryo adhesion protein (toposome) cross-reacted with isolated sea star coelomocytes and stained the coelomic epithelium of control animals with an increase in trauma-stressed arms. In addition, coelomocytes from trauma-stressed animals showed a time-dependent increase in Hsp70 levels, as detected by both immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting within 24 hours after arm tip amputation, with a peak at 6 hours after amputation. Our findings indicate a clear role for coelomocytes and classic stress molecules in the post-traumatic stress associated with the early repair phase of regeneration.

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Section: Identification Of Circulating Coelomocytessupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Coelomocytes and post-traumatic response in the common sea star Asterias rubens

Pinsino¹,

Thorndyke²,

Matranga³

2007

Cell Stress Chaper

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“…Lecal (1980) even observed an endoparasitic flagellate of the genus Cryptobia in the coelomic fluids of Antedon bifida Pennant. Matranga et al (2006) described the round vibratile cells with a long flagellum moving in a straight direction in Paracentrotus lividus along a helicoidal path. Few have studied the morphology of the vibratile cells because of their fast movement (Matranga & Bonaventura 2002), and their function is currently debated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and ultrastructural characterization of the coelomocytes in Apostichopus japonicus

Xing¹,

Yang²,

Chen³

2008

Aquat. Biol.

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The coelomocytes suspended in the coelomic fluid and occurring in the coelomic epithelial layer of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) (Holothuroidea: Aspidochirota: Stichopodidae) function as mediators of the immune system, trephocytic cells and nutrient transport cells. Types of coelomocytes are characterized based on their morphological and ultrastructural features. Flow cytometry plus light and electron microscopic analyses were conducted in order to characterize the coelomocytes of A. japonicus. Six types of coelomocytes were identified: lymphocytes, morula cells, amoebocytes, crystal cells, fusiform cells and vibratile cells. Within these major categories, several distinctive cell types occurred that might represent developmental stages. The mean ± SD coelomocyte concentration in the individuals (body length: 10 to 15 cm; weight: 100 to 150 g) was (3.79 ± 0.65) × 10 6 cells ml -1 . The coelomic fluid contained mainly hyalinocytes (76.69%) and granulocytes (23.31%). KEY WORDS: Sea cucumber · Coelomocyte · Morphology · Ultrastructure Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher OPEN PEN ACCESS CCESSAquat Biol 2: [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92] 2008 (Hetzel 1963, Lecal 1980, Messer & Wardlaw 1980, Edds 1993. More recently, electron microscopy has provided extensive ultrastructural details of the coelomocytes of echinoderms (Chia & Xing 1996, Eliseikina & Magarlamov 2002, Liu et al. 2005) and has supplied well-defined features of specific cell types within the coelomic epithelia (Massin 1980, Holland 1984, thereby offering new insights into the range of coelomocytes found in the coelomic fluid.Echinoderm coelomocytes have been postulated to play an important role in humoral and cellular immune responses. The internal defence system of Apostichopus japonicus consists of circulating coelomocytes. The morula cells may release some humoral defence factors, such as lysins, agglutinins and antioxidant enzymes (Dolmatova et al. 2004). The coelomocytes mediate the cellular responses to immune challenges through phagocytosis, encapsulation, cytoxicity and the production of antimicrobial agents (Smith et al. 1992, Gross et al. 1999.In the present study, we describe the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of coelomocytes in Apostichopus japonicus and review previous studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coelomic fluid collection. Healthy sea cucumbersApostichopus japonicus (body length: 10 to 15 cm; weight: 100 to 150 g) were obtained from aquatic farms in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. The sea cucumbers were transferred to the laboratory in a 500 l PVC tank supplied with 10°C sand-filtered and aerated seawater, which was renewed daily. All animals were acclimatized for at least 4 wk prior to the experiments. About 5.0 to 10.0 ml of coelomic fluid (CF) was drawn from the right lateral side of the body (Santiago-Cardona et al. 2003) using a 25 gauge needle, and diluted with an equal volume of artificial seawater (ASW, pH 7.4); EDTA fixative (6 × 10 ...

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