Impacts of tourism on geomorphological processes in the Bucegi Mountains in Romania

Mihai, Bogdan; Reynard, Emmanuel; Werren, Gabriela; Săvulescu, Ionuț; Şandric, Ionuţ; Chiţu, Zenaida

doi:10.5194/gh-64-134-2009

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Planning and designing solutions that integrate people's needs, WB, and the ecosystem functioning are more sustainable. Knowing ES supply and demand gaps are important for providing the WB of citizens [11,12]. The benefits provided depend not only on the ability of an ecosystem to provide services, but also on the demand for those services, which depends on many different factors, including cultural factors and the perceived value of the service [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Role of Urban Green Infrastructure in Providing Ecosystem Services for Human Well-Being

Nastran

Pintar

Železnikar

et al. 2022

Land

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The perception of linkages between ecosystem services (ES) and the urban green infrastructure (UGI) is evaluated, and their impact on human well-being (WB) is defined. Using a theoretical approach, the UGI’s specific contribution to WB is calculated as the sum of the products of (a) the number of perceived ES per ES group and the WB weight factor divided by the product of (b) the number of respondents and (c) the sum of the products of ES and the WB weight factor. Stakeholders demand more ES than the perceived ES supply from all types of UGI, especially for the social relations component of WB. The highest number of perceived ES and greatest impact on all WB components is provided by urban forests. This method could be helpful in acknowledging ES and involving stakeholders not previously familiar with the ES concept with the aim of introducing ES into UGI governance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Role of Urban Green Infrastructure in Providing Ecosystem Services for Human Well-Being

Nastran

Pintar

Železnikar

et al. 2022

Land

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“…Given the lack of data on the distribution of tourists in each given elevation zone, it is difficult to know which factor is more important -volume of tourist traffic or local environmental conditions. The magnitude of relief change in the study area was found to be smaller than that in the les Monts Dore Massif in France and Bucegi Mountains in Romania (Krzemień 1997(Krzemień , 2010Mihai et al 2009). The presence of deep gullies was noted in the aforementioned areas.…”

Section: Footpath Identifiermentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The very unique characteristics of mountain areas and local determinants, especially bedrock resistance and magnitude of human impact, determine the magnitude of relief change in mountain areas (Leung and Marion 1996;Mihai et al 2009;Monz et al 2010a;Tomczyk 2011;Lepeška 2016;Apollo and Andreychouk 2020; Table 4 Location of analyzed tourist footpath sections and rate of growth of their zones of degradation in the years 1977-2009-2019 (location of footpath sections see Fig. 8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, in areas where other forms of tourism are permitted, horseback riding and ATV use generate the most damage to relief (Deluca et al 1998;Wilson and Seney 1994;Newsome et al 2008;Olive and Marion 2009;Törn et al 2009;Pickering et al 2010). Therefore, the various types of covers, for example fine-fraction or coarse ones, and other anthropogenic pressure within tourist footpaths result in different morphological effects, as the research from Monts Dore Massif in France (Krzemień 1995(Krzemień , 1997(Krzemień , 2010, Tatra Mountains in Poland (Gorczyca andKrzemień 2009, 2010;Fidelus 2016;Fidelus-Orzechowska et al 2017), Bucegi Mountains in Romania (Mihai et al 2009) and Andes in Argentina (Barros et al 2015) shows. The unique nature of each of the above study areas yields differences in the effects of tourism on relief and provides an opportunity to compare changes in relief as well as methods used to limit negative outcomes of human impact (Leung and Marion 1996;Dixon et al 2004;Hamilton and McMillan 2004;Basch et al 2007;Hesselbarth et al 2007;Geneletti and Dawa 2009;Monz et al 2010a,b;Wimpey and Marion 2010;Bodoque et al 2017;Drewnik et al 2019).…”

Section: Degradation Of a Protected Mountain Area By Tourist Traffic:...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of a protected mountain area by tourist traffic: case study of the Tatra National Park, Poland

et al. 2021

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Mountain protected areas are characterized by high biodiversity, which makes it a great challenge for managers to maintain a balance between their use and the stability of natural ecosystems. Maintaining that balance is particularly difficult in areas with high tourism pressure. The expected volume of tourist traffic should be considered at the planning stage of the tourist infrastructure development process. Insufficient capacity of tourist infrastructure can lead to environmental degradation, which is hard, or at times impossible, to repair. In our research, we identified patterns of tourist footpath and road functioning in an environmentally protected area with high volumes of tourist traffic. Data from geomorphologic mapping was analyzed in order to identify tourist footpath and road structures in the Tatra National Park (TNP). Fieldwork was conducted in several stages between 1995 and 2019. Orthophotomaps from the years 1977, 2009, 2017 and 2019 were used to identify and compare degraded zones along selected tourist footpaths. Degraded zones were defined as areas surrounding a footpath or tourist road with a mean width larger than or equal to 10 meters, with heavily damaged or completely removed vegetation and exposed, weathered cover, where geomorphic processes that would not take place under normal conditions are readily observable. The examined tourist footpaths and roads vary in terms of their morphometric parameters. Research has shown important differences between mean and maximum footpath width as well as maximum incision depth for the forest zone versus the subalpine and alpine zones. A lack of differences in these parameters was noted between the alpine and subalpine zones. Research has shown that an increase in the surface area of degraded zones found adjacent to tourist footpaths occurred in all the studied geo-ecological zones in the study period. However, the largest increase occurred atop wide ridgelines found in the alpine zone. Degraded zones may be an indication of exceeding the tourist carrying capacity of a mountain tourist area. Mass tourism in TNP contributes to the formation of degraded zones adjacent to footpaths, whose continuous evolution may lead to irreversible changes in local relief.

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“…An additional factor that increases the activity of erosive processes in high mountains is hiking [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The anthropogenic degradation on hiking trails on slopes is currently the subject of research, both in Poland [ 13 , 14 ] and worldwide [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Possibility of Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the Documentation of Hiking Trails in Alpine Areas

Ćwiąkała

Kocierz

Puniach

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The research described in this paper deals with the documentation of hiking trails in alpine areas. The study presents a novel research topic, applying up-to-date survey techniques and top quality equipment with practical applications in nature conservation. The research presents the initial part of the process—capturing imagery, photogrammetric processing, quality checking, and a discussion on possibilities of the further data analysis. The research described in this article was conducted in the Tatra National Park (TNP) in Poland, which is considered as one of the most-visited national parks in Europe. The exceptional popularity of this place is responsible for intensification of morphogenetic processes, resulting in the development of numerous forms of erosion. This article presents the outcomes of research, whose purpose was to verify the usability of UAVs to check the condition of hiking trails in alpine areas. An octocopter equipped with a non-metric camera was used for measurements. Unlike traditional methods of measuring landscape features, such a solution facilitates acquisition of quasi-continuous data that has uniform resolution throughout the study area and high spatial accuracy. It is also a relatively cheap technology, which is its main advantage over equally popular laser scanning. The paper presents the complete methodology of data acquisition in harsh conditions and demanding locations of hiking trails on steep Tatra slopes. The paper also describes stages that lead to the elaboration of basic photogrammetric products relying on structure from motion (SfM) technology and evaluates the accuracy of the materials obtained. Finally, it shows the applicability of the prepared products to the evaluation of the spatial reach and intensity of erosion along hiking trails, and to the study of plant succession or tree stand condition in the area located next to hiking trails.

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Impacts of tourism on geomorphological processes in the Bucegi Mountains in Romania

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Role of Urban Green Infrastructure in Providing Ecosystem Services for Human Well-Being

Stakeholders’ Perceptions on the Role of Urban Green Infrastructure in Providing Ecosystem Services for Human Well-Being

Degradation of a protected mountain area by tourist traffic: case study of the Tatra National Park, Poland

Assessment of the Possibility of Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the Documentation of Hiking Trails in Alpine Areas

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