Impacts of the international economic sanctions on Iranian patients with epilepsy

Asadi‐Pooya, Ali A.; Azizimalamiri, Reza; Badv, Reza Shervin; Yarali, Bahram; Asadollahi, Marjan; Homayoun, Maryam; Sharifi, Samira

doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.011

Cited by 12 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Therefore, ten out of eleven included studies addressed the effects of sanctions on access to medicine in Iran. Three articles studied medicines holistically, [16][17][18] seven articles investigated medications related to some speci c diseases, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] and the one remaining assessed the effect of sanctions on air pollution. [26] In terms of method, there were 6 quantitative studies, 4 qualitative studies, and one review (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). In order to data collection, studies used media, information obtained from city pharmacies, chart review and question from patients, [19,20,22,25]national reports, [18,23] and literature review. [18,24] The characteristics of included studies are demonstrated in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The health service delivery seems to be impacted in several contexts. Medications being used or treatment of non-communicable diseases, [23] asthma, [28] hemophilia, [22] epilepsy [19,25] and cancers [24,29]became non or less-available in Iran's pharmaceutical market. [18] Also plenty of brief reports highlight impact of sanctions on healthcare and medicine availability in Iran [13,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Impact of economic sanctions on health service delivery, especially on medication availability reached its highest level in October 2012, when the O ce of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the US Department of the Treasury revised provisions related to Iran's transactions [17].…”

Section: Service Delivery and Nancing Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asadi-PooyaAA [25] Patient survey addressing if there has been changes in the experience of patients with epilepsy, regarding access to Anti-Epileptic Drugs, during past six months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…. Similarly Asadi-Pooya et al[25] on 2019, assessed patients' experience in access to AEDs, anf if there has been any change in their experience during past six months. Deilamizade & Esmizade[20] interviewed 48 drug users living in Tehran for their prevailing economic and social conditions that they faced, and their reactions to such conditions after sanctions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Majdzadeh

Yahyaei

Sajadi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Islamic Republic of Iran has been the target of massive sanctions since 1979, which got intensified in 2005, 2012, and also in 2015 following JCPOA cancellation. Long-term economic sanctions have impacted Iran’s health system. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of sanctions on health system in Iran, and Iranian people’s health. Methods A scoping review was performed. PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scientific Information Database were searched from 2012 using the sanction, health and Iran keywords to find the studies that examined the impacts of sanctions on health in Iran. After screening, only original studies, namely studies which collected data through experiments, surveys, observation, interviews, or review of the literature were included, and letters to the editors and secondary reports were excluded. Final listings of articles were supplemented with hand searches of reference listings to ensure completeness. Data on study characteristics and the impacts of sanctions on health were extracted and summarized. Result The preliminary search has identified 273 documents among which 11 articles had the eligibility criteria to be included. They showed remarkable effects of sanctions on access to medicines for the treatment of cancers, non-communicable diseases, asthma, epilepsy, addiction, and hemophilia. Conclusion While there is a scarcity of evidence in quantifying the sanction’s impact and also the potential impact on different dimensions of people’s health, it seems that innocent people suffered from the economic downturn caused by sanction. The exact impact of sanctions on different health related areas could be the subject of further studies. Furthermore, more vigorous monitoring and evaluation systems are needed to investigate the effects of sanctions on health outcomes and system to be sure that they do not violate people’s fundamental human right to health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Service Delivery and Nancing Arrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Asadi-PooyaAA [25] Patient survey addressing if there has been changes in the experience of patients with epilepsy, regarding access to Anti-Epileptic Drugs, during past six months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Majdzadeh

Yahyaei

Sajadi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The human cost of economic sanctions and strategies for building health system resilience: A scoping review of studies in Iran

Sajadi

Yahyaei

Ehsani‐Chimeh

et al. 2023

Health Planning & Management

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ObjectivesThis review aimed to analyse the impacts of international economic sanctions on the overall health status of Iranians and the health system performance of Iran, in addition to identifying effective strategies for making the health system resilient to sanctions.Study designA scoping review.MethodsThree databases and grey literature were reviewed, and additional papers were identified in the lists of references. Two authors reviewed papers to check duplications and screen through inclusion/exclusion criteria. Furthermore, a narrative approach was employed to synthesise the findings.ResultsGiven overall health impacts, economic sanctions are believed to have adverse effects on Iranian's health and cause significant financial hardships in accessing healthcare services. These hardships mostly affect those in marginalised and vulnerable groups. Economic sanctions degrade Iran's health system by negatively impacting health services' availability. The detrimental effects of sanctions on economic and social circumstances were also documented. Economic sanctions could also adversely affect health research and education. Most strategies identified for health system resilience to sanctions are related to the health system governance.ConclusionsEven if essential medicines and supplies are exempted from the sanction regime, the impact of economic sanctions on public health is unavoidable. The quantification of the effect economic sanctions on different health‐related areas needs by further research. The measures identified for dealing with sanction can be considered in other countries but more work is needed to explore how health of people can be resilient against negative consequences of sanctions.

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Open-source software migration under sanctions conditions

Ronaghi

2021

Int J Syst Assur Eng Manag

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Impacts of the international economic sanctions on Iranian patients with epilepsy

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

Time for more evidence: a scoping review of the effects of sanctions on Iranian health

The human cost of economic sanctions and strategies for building health system resilience: A scoping review of studies in Iran

Open-source software migration under sanctions conditions

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