Impacts of policy means for increased use of forest-based bioenergy in Norway—A spatial partial equilibrium analysis

Trømborg, Erik; Bolkesjø, Torjus Folsland; Solberg, Birger

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2007.08.004

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The population density in urban settlements is 982 per km 2 , which is less than the national average of 1,633 per km 2 in urban settlements, making Inland rich in biomass resource [23]. The average number of occupants in single households is 2.5, and 60% live in detached dwellings [6].…”

Section: Inland Energy Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Water Heating as a Potential Source for Inland Norway Energy Mix

Hagos

Gebremedhin

Zethraeus

2014

Journal of Renewable Energy

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The aim of this paper is to assess solar potential and investigate the possibility of using solar water heating for residential application in Inland Norway. Solar potential based on observation and satellite-derived data for four typical populous locations has been assessed and used to estimate energy yield using two types of solar collectors for a technoeconomic performance comparison. Based on the results, solar energy use for water heating is competitive and viable even in low solar potential areas. In this study it was shown that a typical tubular collector in Inland Norway could supply 62% of annual water heating energy demand for a single residential household, while glazed flat plates of the same size were able to supply 48%. For a given energy demand in Inland Norway, tubular collectors are preferred to flat plate collectors for performance and cost reasons. This was shown by break-even capital cost for a series of collector specifications. Deployment of solar water heating in all detached dwellings in Inland could have the potential to save 182 GWh of electrical energy, equivalent to a reduction of 15,690 tonnes of oil energy and 48.6 ktCO 2 emissions, and contributes greatly to Norway 67.5% renewable share target by 2020.

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Section: Inland Energy Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Solar Water Heating as a Potential Source for Inland Norway Energy Mix

Hagos

Gebremedhin

Zethraeus

2014

Journal of Renewable Energy

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“…Less than half of the gross annual increment [13] in the productive forests is harvested [14]. However, it is stated that Norway's abundant access to renewable energy in the form of hydro-power and the dominating role of the petroleum sector have reduced the political emphasis on other energy sources such as bioenergy [7,15]. Yet, on the rhetoric level, there is no lack of support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach opens opportunities to identify direct influences of external factors such as local politics [29] and financial support [7,30,31], and at the same time gives room for unexpected findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of local and regional forest based bioenergy in Norway – Supply networks, financial support and political commitment

Forbord

Vik

Hillring

2012

Biomass and Bioenergy

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However studies shows that there are difficulties concerning the profitability in the sector.We approach the question from a supply chain perspective using a comparative case method. Five cases of local and regional forest based (wood chips) supply of heat in three regions were studied. The actors in the supply chains normally specialize in one or two stages in the chain and sell fuel and/or heat to municipal institutions and district heating plants. In all cases national financial support was important for releasing critical investments at various stages in the chains. Local political involvement was vital for the establishment of the chains, through influencing perceptions and ideas and through various techno-economical adaptations. Moreover, all focal actors in the chains were engaged in forest-related businesses and they benefit from using resources and obtaining income in different, related supply chains. Hence, they exploit "economies of scope". The links across supply chains make it relevant to study them as supply networks rather than chains. This also has managerial consequences. The profitability in the chains seems still quite modest, but nevertheless they contribute in increasing the share of bioenergy in Norway. Actors' exploitation of "economies of scope", local political engagement and national instruments for financial support are important factors in this development. ª

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“…For instance, macro level socioeconomic impacts have been assessed using input-output analysis based on national and regional level statistical data, to produce indicators such as percentage sector contribution to GDP, products exported, investment in the sector, jobs creation and infrastructural development [6,[9][10][11]. Other frameworks have employed partial and general equilibrium optimisation methods to evaluate the impact of different energy and bioenergy policy on the sector at the national level [12,13]. For social aspects, indices such as increased standard of living and social cohesion and stability have been derived using national statistics, surveys and focus groups at the macro level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Policy/regulatory/institutional contexts • Company and organisational structure, practices and processes [4,14,22,23] • Level and nature of capital investment • Availability of resources [19,24] For example, the need to consider consumer preferences as well as barriers in the implementation of relevant policies to determine the actual impacts of the policies was identified in a partial equilibrium study [12]. For the Keynes Multiplier, it is recognised that the percentage of expenditure spent on local goods and services is entirely dependent upon the availability of skilled labour and equipment in the region [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and Livelihoods in Supply Chains (RELISC): An Analytical Framework for the Development and Resilience of the UK Wood Fuel Sector

2017

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Abstract:Bioenergy is an important renewable energy source in the UK, but the bioenergy industry and in particular the wood fuel sub sector, is relatively under-developed. Socioeconomic factors have been identified as critical for facilitating deployment levels and sustainable development. However, previous studies have mostly assessed these factors using quantitative methods and models, which are limited in assessing pertinent contextual factors such as institutional/regulatory governance, supply chain structure and governance, capital resource availability as well as actor decisions. As a step further, this research engages with these under-explored aspects of the system by developing a new analytical framework: the Resilience and Livelihoods in Supply Chains (RELISC) framework, which was designed by linking Value Chain Analysis, the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and a supply chain resilience framework. Its application to a UK wood fuel supply chain produced useful insights. For example, the structure of the chain revealed a high level of dependency on a particular end user and contractor. Key institutional governance was critical in sustaining natural resources and providing access to finance. Internal supply chain governance was limited in ensuring the sustainability of resources and lack of actor awareness and interest were also limiting factors. In addition, five capital analyses revealed gaps in skills, networking and physical infrastructure. Finally, the design of the novel RELISC framework enables it to engage with diverse aspects of the system holistically and its application generated practical recommendations and strategies for supply chain resilience and sector growth, which are useful and applicable to other emerging sectors.

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Impacts of policy means for increased use of forest-based bioenergy in Norway—A spatial partial equilibrium analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Solar Water Heating as a Potential Source for Inland Norway Energy Mix

Solar Water Heating as a Potential Source for Inland Norway Energy Mix

Development of local and regional forest based bioenergy in Norway – Supply networks, financial support and political commitment

Resilience and Livelihoods in Supply Chains (RELISC): An Analytical Framework for the Development and Resilience of the UK Wood Fuel Sector

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