Impacts of ozone on trees and crops

Abstract

In this review article, we explore how surface-level ozone affects trees and crops with special emphasis on consequences for productivity and carbon sequestration. Vegetation exposure to ozone reduces photosynthesis, growth, and other plant functions. Ozone formation in the atmosphere is a product of NOx that are also a source of nitrogen deposition. Reduced carbon sequestration of temperate forests resulting from ozone is likely offset by increased carbon sequestration from nitrogen fertilization. However, since fertilized croplands are generally not nitrogen-limited, capping ozone-polluting substances in the U.S., Europe, and China can reduce future crop yield loss substantially.

Effect of chitosan on physiology, photosynthesis and biomass of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under elevated ozone

“…After ozone gas is taken up by plants, it becomes reactive with oxygen species (ROS) i.e. O 2 -, HO -and H 2 O 2 (Umponstira et al, 2006) and causes leaf injury (Felzer et al, 2007), leaf senescence, reduces chlorophyll contents, plant metabolism, growth and physiological processes in different ways (Al-Rawahy et al, 2013). Ozone inhibits carbon dioxide fixation in carboxylation pathway and reduces quantities and efficiency of rubisco enzymes in Calvin cycle (Vainonen and Kangasjärvi, 2015).…”

Predicting and partitioning ozone fluxes to maize crops from sowing to harvest: the Surfatm-O<sub>3</sub> model

“…Due to the increase in ozone concentration and its deleterious effect on plants, Avnery et al (2011b) predict a decrease in world crop yield about 10.6-15.6 % for wheat, 4.5-6.3 % for maize and 12.1-16.4 % for soybean by 2030, with economical losses about $12-$35 billions annually. Finally, recent modelling studies predict a decrease in terrestrial ecosystem CO 2 absorption due to O 3 , which would then affect the atmospheric greenhouse gas budget and enhance global warming (Felzer et al, 2007;Sitch et al, 2007). Providing accurate surface exchange ozone models is a necessity to ameliorate the estimates of the global tropospheric ozone budget (Wild, 2007).…”

Concentration- and flux-based ozone dose–response relationships for five poplar clones grown in North China

“…Ozone affects tree health through stomatal uptake, causing visible foliar injury, accelerated leaf senescence, reduced photosynthesis, and impaired stomatal function (Feng et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2011Zhang et al, , 2014b. The increasing ozone concentration contributes to a decline in forestry productivity linked to economic losses (Felzer et al, 2007;Percy and Karnosky, 2007;Pye, 1988). A variety of detrimental changes at the biochemical, physiological and molecular levels have been demonstrated in conifers and deciduous trees (Koch et al, 1998;Kopper and Lindroth, 2003;Richet et al, 2011Richet et al, , 2012Zhang et al, 2014a).…”