Impacts of noise on the behavior and physiology of marine invertebrates: A meta-analysis

Murchy, Kelsie A.; Davies, Hailey L.; Shafer, Hailey; Cox, Kieran; Nikolich, Kat; Juanes, Francis

doi:10.1121/2.0001217

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The rise in ambient noise is a growing concern due to the adverse effects on marine life, in particular on marine mammals (Southall et al, 2008(Southall et al, , 2019Richardson et al, 2013), invertebrates (Murchy et al, 2019), fishes (Slabbekoorn et al, 2010;Popper et al, 2014;Cox et al, 2018) and birds (Anderson Hansen et al, 2020). Impacts are pervasive and affect individual animals as well as populations (Pirotta et al, 2018;Soudijn et al, 2020), at all taxonomic and trophic levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The present and future contribution of ships to the underwater soundscape

Possenti,

de Nooijer,

de Jong

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Since the industrial revolution the ocean has become noisier. The global increase in shipping is one of the main contributors to this. In some regions, shipping contributed to an increase in ambient noise of several decibels, especially at low frequencies (10 to 100 Hz). Such an increase can have a substantial negative impact on fish, invertebrates, marine mammals and birds interfering with key life functions (e.g. foraging, mating, resting, etc.). Consequently, engineers are investigating ways to reduce the noise emitted by vessels when designing new ships. At the same time, since the industrial revolution (starting around 1760) greenhouse gas emissions have increased the atmospheric carbon dioxide fraction x(CO2) by more than 100 μmol mol-1. The ocean uptake of approximately one third of the emitted CO2 decreased the average global surface ocean pH from 8.21 to 8.10. This decrease is modifying sound propagation, especially sound absorption at the frequencies affected by shipping noise lower than 10 kHz, making the future ocean potentially noisier. There are also other climate change effects that may influence sound propagation. Sea surface warming might alter the depth of the deep sound speed channel, ice melting could locally decrease salinity and more frequent storms and higher wind speed alter the depth of the thermocline. In particular, modification of the sound speed profile can lead to the appearance of new ducts making specific depths noisier. In addition, ice melting and the increase in seawater temperature will open new shipping routes at the poles increasing anthropogenic noise in these regions. This review aims to discuss parameters that might change in the coming decades, focusing on the contribution of shipping, climate change and economic and technical developments to the future underwater soundscape in the ocean. Examples are given, contrasting the open ocean and the shallow seas. Apart from the changes in sound propagation, this review will also discuss the effects of water quality on ship-radiated noise with a focus on propeller cavitation noise.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The present and future contribution of ships to the underwater soundscape

Possenti,

de Nooijer,

de Jong

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…The increase of anthropogenic underwater noise in marine ecosystems through construction work, energy exploration and exploitation, and ship traffic (Duarte et al, 2021;Jalkanen et al, 2022) is motivating studies to unravel the impacts of this acoustic pollution across sensory modality-based processes in a variety of marine animals (Halfwerk and Slabbekoorn, 2015). The reason for the growing attention is that noise-related effects may have the potential to change the composition of communities and, in turn, compromising essential ecosystem functions through masking and altering morphology, physiology, and behavioral processes in various taxa from primary producers, to small invertebrates to large marine mammals (Erbe et al, 2019;Murchy et al, 2020;Duarte et al, 2021;Soléet al, 2021a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased feeding rates of the copepod Acartia tonsa when exposed to playback harbor traffic noise

2023

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IntroductionCopepods present the largest and most diverse group of zooplankton and their feeding behavior can affect top-down and bottom-up processes. Thus, how efficient feeding is executed determines the abundance of copepods’ prey and their predators and, with that, carbon transfer and storage in ecosystems. The rise of anthropogenic underwater noise from shipping, oil exploration and exploitation, wind farm construction and operation, and more, is increasingly changing the marine acoustic environment. This acoustic pollution can have detrimental effects on biological life. Studies on this topic increasingly indicate that anthropogenic underwater noise adversely affects primary producers, marine mammals, fish, and invertebrates. However, little data exist on the effects of anthropogenic underwater noise on the feeding behavior of zooplankton.MethodsHere, we investigated the ingestion and clearance rates of the copepod Acartia tonsa on a motile phytoplankton as a function of prey density under ambient aquarium sound conditions and, when exposed to playback, harbor traffic noise.ResultsWe measured significantly decreased ingestion rates and clearance rates of A. tonsa when exposed to harbor noise compared to ambient conditions. The negative impact of noise on the ingestion rates was found at all given phytoplankton cell densities between 1k to 10k cells ml−1. Clearance rates were fitted to the Rogers random predator equation which revealed significantly decreased capture rates on phytoplankton under the exposure of harbor noise while handling times remained the same in both sound treatments.DiscussionOur results call for follow-up studies to focus on noise driven community-effects in field experiments to confirm laboratory results and to predict the outcome of a changing world with multiple stressors. Further, the underlying mechanism on how noise affects the feeding behavior of copepods is still unknown. Noise may distract copepods or mask hydromechanical cues of the prey. Noise may also adversely affect copepod physiology or morphology that would lead to changes in the feeding behavior. All potential mechanisms need to be investigated rigorously in future experiments.

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“…Over the past couple of decades, a large body of evidence has built up showing the negative impacts of anthropogenic noise from shipping and other marine traffic on marine life. This includes cetaceans (Nowacek et al, 2007;Dyndo et al, 2015;Wisniewska et al, 2018), and many species of fish and invertebrates (Simpson et al, 2016;Mickle and Higgs, 2018;Murchy et al, 2019). Alongside this, numerous studies have been conducted to determine the radiated noise levels from commercial and other vessels: both to investigate the noise produced by specific vessels (Arveson and Vendittis, 2000;McKenna et al, 2012;Li et al, 2018) and also to measure and monitor noise levels from shipping in a particular area (Farcas et al, 2020;Lalander et al, 2021;Putland et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underwater radiated noise from small vessels in shallow water: propagation modelling and experimental measurements

Smith¹,

Kourounioti²

2022

Preprint

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Underwater noise is a growing problem in many of the world's oceans and waterways, with a large body of research now showing the detrimental impact this has on marine life. Noise in shallow coastal waters is a particular problem because the concentration of both marine life and human activity is often much higher. Furthermore, noise attenuates more slowly in shallow water, and so its impact is greater. For naval operations, this can increase the detection distance of a vessel, which places more onerous requirements on the designer to reduce the levels of radiated noise, and potentially degrades the operability of the vessel when operating in shallow littoral waters. In this work, the impact of small vessels on the levels of underwater noise in a shallow water environment is considered. Acoustic recordings are obtained using a hydrophone and the data are analysed to determine the sound levels and frequency content from different vessels. The noise levels recorded are found to greatly exceed those caused by environmental factors and occur primarily over the frequency range 63 ≤ f ≤ 500 Hz, unless propeller singing or cavitation are present, in which case excess noise levels can occur for frequencies up to 20 kHz. Over a 25-minute period, the mean overall sound pressure level is found to be in excess of 90 dB, which is attributed to only a small number of boats operating in the test area. To provide more insight into noise propagation in shallow water, numerical modelling is carried out by numerically solving the acoustic wave equation in the time domain, which allows for phenomena such as reflection, absorption, and wave interactions to be captured. Propagation of sound from a source located at the sea surface is computed for deep and shallow water, with two different seabed materials also being considered. The propagation pattern in shallow water is shown to be more complex than for deep water, with the reflection/absorption properties of the seabed playing an important role along with the depth.

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Impacts of noise on the behavior and physiology of marine invertebrates: A meta-analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

The present and future contribution of ships to the underwater soundscape

The present and future contribution of ships to the underwater soundscape

Decreased feeding rates of the copepod Acartia tonsa when exposed to playback harbor traffic noise

Underwater radiated noise from small vessels in shallow water: propagation modelling and experimental measurements

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