Impacts of Groundwater Constraints on Saudi Arabia’s Low-Carbon Electricity Supply Strategy

Parkinson, Simon; Djilali, Ned; Krey, Volker; Fricko, Oliver; Johnson, Nils; Khan, Zarrar; Sedraoui, Khaled; Almasoud, Abdulrahman H.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b05852

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Coal-fired plants are of particular concern because their numbers have been increasing rapidly in developing countries, with consequent demands for water. Retrofitting thermal cooling technologies to be more waterefficient (6.4) can provide significant reductions in energy sector water use (Davies et al, 2013;Byers et al, 2014;Fricko et al, 2016) and vulnerability of the power sector to water scarcity and climate change (van Vliet et al, 2016). Potential measures include minimising on-site losses (such as from storage tanks and pipes), increasing the amount of water recycled internally, moving towards air-cooling technology, and improving the efficiency of the inherent energy conversion processes.…”

Section: Key Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation

Nilsson¹,

Griggs²,

McCollum³

et al. 2017

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Policymakers, practitioners and scientists working at the global, regional, national and local levels on implementing or supporting the implementation of the sdgs are the intended audience for this report. KEY FINDINGS The four sdgs analysed in detail in this report (sdg 2, sdg 3, sdg 7, sdg 14) are mostly synergistic with the other sdgs. Using a 7-point scale, a team of scientists evaluated the key target-level interactions between an 'entry goal' and all other goals, and attributed a score to these interactions based on their expert judgment and as justified through the scientific literature. The score most often allocated is +2 ('reinforcing'). The assessment identified 316 target-level interactions overall, of which 238 are positive, 66 are negative, and 12 are neutral.

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Section: Key Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation

Nilsson¹,

Griggs²,

McCollum³

et al. 2017

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“…Parkinson et al (2016);Strbac (2008);Yillia (2016) Increased shiŌs toward unconvenƟonal water supply opƟons, such as desalinaƟon, in the world's water-stressed regions will generally increase energy demand. This could either be to the benefit of renewables(if water-related infrastructure and equipment can be used for real-Ɵme demand-side power management, thus helping with integration of the intermiƩent sources of electricity) or could present a marked challenge to their deployment (if there are .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting the sustainable development goals by their energy inter-linkages

McCollum

Echeverri

Busch

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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331

254

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View the article online for updates and enhancements. Recent citationsTargeted policies can compensate most of the increased sustainability risks in 1. 5 AbstractThe United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide guide-posts to society as it attempts to respond to an array of pressing challenges. One of these challenges is energy; thus, the SDGs have become paramount for energy policy-making. Yet, while governments throughout the world have already declared the SDGs to be 'integrated and indivisible', there are still knowledge gaps surrounding how the interactions between the energy SDG targets and those of the non-energy-focused SDGs might play out in different contexts. In this review, we report on a large-scale assessment of the relevant energy literature, which we conducted to better our understanding of key energy-related interactions between SDGs, as well as their context-dependencies (relating to time, geography, governance, technology, and directionality). By (i) evaluating the nature and strength of the interactions identified, (ii) indicating the robustness of the evidence base, the agreement of that evidence, and our confidence in it, and (iii) highlighting critical areas where better understanding is needed or context dependencies should be considered, our review points to potential ways forward for both the policy making and scientific communities. First, we find that positive interactions between the SDGs outweigh the negative ones, both in number and magnitude. Second, of relevance for the scientific community, in order to fill knowledge gaps in critical areas, there is an urgent need for interdisciplinary research geared toward developing new data, scientific tools, and fresh perspectives. Third, of relevance for policy-making, wider efforts to promote policy coherence and integrated assessments are required to address potential policy spillovers across sectors, sustainability domains, and geographic and temporal boundaries. The task of conducting comprehensive science-to-policy assessments covering all SDGs, such as for the UN's Global Sustainable Development Report, remains manageable pending the availability of systematic reviews focusing on a limited number of SDG dimensions in each case.

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“…Several studies indicate the importance of resource redistribution in alleviating localized resource constraints, including via trade [68,93,102] and electricity transmission [164][165][166], and water conveyance [62]. Thus, infrastructure that allows for the movement of commodities and resources from resource-rich to resource-poor locations stands out as one of the most important nexus solutions.…”

Section: Resource Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Solutions for the Water-Energy-Land Nexus: Are Global Models Rising to the Challenge?

Johnson

Burek

Byers

et al. 2019

Water

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Increasing human demands for water, energy, food and materials, are expected to accentuate resource supply challenges over the coming decades. Experience suggests that long-term strategies for a single sector could yield both trade-offs and synergies for other sectors. Thus, long-term transition pathways for linked resource systems should be informed using nexus approaches. Global integrated assessment models can represent the synergies and trade-offs inherent in the exploitation of water, energy and land (WEL) resources, including the impacts of international trade and climate policies. In this study, we review the current state-of-the-science in global integrated assessment modeling with an emphasis on how models have incorporated integrated WEL solutions. A large-scale assessment of the relevant literature was performed using online databases and structured keyword search queries. The results point to the following main opportunities for future research and model development: (1) improving the temporal and spatial resolution of economic models for the energy and water sectors;(2) balancing energy and land requirements across sectors; (3) integrated representation of the role of distribution infrastructure in alleviating resource challenges; (4) modeling of solution impacts on downstream environmental quality; (5) improved representation of the implementation challenges stemming from regional financial and institutional capacity; (6) enabling dynamic multi-sectoral vulnerability and adaptation needs assessment; and (7) the development of fully-coupled assessment frameworks based on consistent, scalable, and regionally-transferable platforms. Improved database management and computational power are needed to address many of these modeling challenges at a global-scale. IntroductionWater, energy and land (WEL) represent fundamental resources needed for human survival and are critical for supporting economic development and ecosystem services, such as flood control, carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Socioeconomic and climate trends are rapidly increasing global demands for WEL resources. Based on the "middle-of-the-road" Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP2) scenario in which population reaches about 9 billion in 2050, food demand is projected to increase on average 74% (59-98%) from 2005 to 2050 [1], primary energy supply will increase on average 92% (81-113%) [2], agricultural land is projected to increase on average 5% (3-7%) [3], and global water demand is projected to increase about 50% [4,5]. Meanwhile, WEL resources are regionally constrained for physical or economic reasons and several global "mega-trends", such as climate change, urbanization, and globalization, are expected to have regional impacts that may either exacerbate or alleviate resource constraints and the associated supply challenges [6]. There is an urgent need to better understand the impacts and vulnerability of human populations and ecosystems to future socioeconomic and climatic change as well as to identify sustainable strategies for m...

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Impacts of Groundwater Constraints on Saudi Arabia’s Low-Carbon Electricity Supply Strategy

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation

A guide to SDG interactions: from science to implementation

Connecting the sustainable development goals by their energy inter-linkages

Integrated Solutions for the Water-Energy-Land Nexus: Are Global Models Rising to the Challenge?

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