Impacts of earmarked private donations for disaster fundraising

Toyasaki, Fuminori; Wakolbinger, Tina

doi:10.1007/s10479-011-1038-5

Cited by 70 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Recent studies suggest that donor behaviour may depend not only on measurable parameters − such as an aid agency's use of donated funds, fund-raising cost factors, and donors' unit utility of donations (Toyasaki and Wakolbinger, 2011) − but also on subjective factors that influence the decision to donate, such as how people perceive a certain disaster (Zagefka et al, 2011), and the role of the media, social networks, etc. (Brito Junior et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic network models for logistics planning in disaster relief

Alem

Clark

Moreno

2016

European Journal of Operational Research

218

102

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Emergency logistics in disasters is fraught with planning and operational challenges, such as uncertainty about the exact nature and magnitude of the disaster, a lack of reliable information about the location and needs of victims, possible random supplies and donations, precarious transport links, scarcity of resources, and so on. This paper develops a new two-stage stochastic network flow model to help decide how to rapidly supply humanitarian aid to victims of a disaster within this context. The model takes into account practical characteristics that have been neglected by the literature so far, such as budget allocation, fleet sizing of multiple types of vehicles, procurement, and varying lead times over a dynamic multiperiod horizon. Attempting to improve demand fulfillment policy, we present some extensions of the model via state-of-art risk measures, such as semideviation and conditional value-at-risk. A simple two-phase heuristic to solve the problem within a reasonable amount of computing time is also suggested.Numerical tests based on the floods and landslides in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, show that the model can help plan and organise relief to provide good service levels in most scenarios, and how this depends on the type of disaster and resources. Moreover, we demonstrate that our heuristic performs well for real and random instances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic network models for logistics planning in disaster relief

Alem

Clark

Moreno

2016

European Journal of Operational Research

218

102

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This is not always easy, as many donors prefer earmarking (Toyasaki and Wakolbinger, 2014); however, earmarked donations can go towards rentals of centrally owned assets instead of specific asset purchases. In addition, as described in Section 2.2, IHOs with resource fluidity exhibit the trust and willingness to lend assets, which increases an IHO's ability to quickly and flexibly reallocate assets to support mega disasters.…”

Section: Dependent Row Flow and Temporary Hub Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, to achieve resource fluidity, an IHO should limit the earmarked donor purchase of assets which require many approval levels and increased bureaucracy to transfer. This is not always easy, as many donors prefer earmarking (Toyasaki and Wakolbinger, 2014); however, earmarked donations can go towards rentals of centrally owned assets instead of specific asset purchases. Finally, an IHO needs to provide the training and flexible processes for leadership, employees, and volunteers to understand how asset transfers are easily facilitated.…”

Section: Dependent Row Flow and Temporary Hub Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asset supply networks in humanitarian operations: A combined empirical‐simulation approach

Stauffer

Pedraza‐Martinez

Yan

et al. 2018

J of Ops Management

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International humanitarian organizations (IHOs) respond to mega disasters while maintaining development programs in the rest of the world (ROW). This means an IHO's asset supply network must perform the challenging task of supporting a fast disaster response while simultaneously maintaining cost‐effective ROW development programs. We study how supply network asset flows are impacted during a mega disaster response and find that resource fluidity, the capability to reallocate resources quickly, impacts both mega disaster and ROW program asset flows within these supply networks. Using data from a large IHO's response to a mega disaster and econometric models, we find a dependency between ROW asset flow and mega disaster asset flow in IHOs with resource fluidity. As mega disaster flow increases, there is a decrease in hub‐to‐hub ROW asset flows and an increase in other ROW asset flows. This is contrary to most humanitarian operations research, which typically assumes independent asset flows. Because of resource fluidity, the combination of these flows does not compromise ROW operations. We use these empirical results to feed a simulation analysis that extends our research to IHOs without resource fluidity and provides actionable insights for varying types of IHOs in various demand scenarios. Simulation insights illustrate that resource fluidity impacts IHO asset supply network costs and optimal configurations.

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“…Aflaki and Pedraza‐Martinez () point out that while nonearmarked (unconstrained) funds are most effective in humanitarian operations, they are harder to raise and imply a larger administrative cost per dollar. Toyasaki and Wakolbinger () also discuss earmarking of funds by donors. Taylor and Xiao ()) explain how donor funding can improve the distribution of supplies in healthcare emergencies.…”

Section: The Research Nichementioning

confidence: 99%

Humanitarian response to hurricane disasters: Coordinating flood‐risk mitigation with fundraising and relief operations

Chakravarty

2018

Naval Research Logistics

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To alleviate flooding, caused by hurricanes, governments build structural barriers called levees. In addition, relief providers such as the nongovernmental organizations and charities raise funds, and procure and deliver supplies (food, water, and medicines) for humanitarian relief. The strategy for managing disasters must, therefore, weigh the costs and benefits of building levees as well as procuring and delivering supplies. We use a three‐stage decision making framework to study how the investment in levee capacity can be integrated with supply procurements, fundraising, and rapid response. One of our major findings is that a large fundraising cost discourages postdisaster funding, implying relatively large investments in levee and prepositioned supplies. That notwithstanding, a large social value (of saving life) can tilt the balance in favor of postdisaster funding. If the levee capacity increases, funding for predisaster procurement is reduced without affecting postdisaster funding. For a sufficiently large increase in capacity, however, postdisaster response becomes superfluous. We also find that hurricane uncertainty motivates levees with large capacity. In contrast, levee‐failures motivate levees with small capacity.

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Impacts of earmarked private donations for disaster fundraising

Cited by 70 publications

References 37 publications

Stochastic network models for logistics planning in disaster relief

Stochastic network models for logistics planning in disaster relief

Asset supply networks in humanitarian operations: A combined empirical‐simulation approach

Humanitarian response to hurricane disasters: Coordinating flood‐risk mitigation with fundraising and relief operations

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