Impacts of diffusive ion migration on ferroelectric properties in BaTiO₃ composite

Abstract

Multiferroic composites, combining ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties, hold significant promise in today's technology landscape in a diverse array of fields including information storage devices, energy harvesters, current and magnetic field sensors, tunable devices, and various other domains. Exploring the interaction between these materials and their impact on multiferroic properties is crucial for advancing miniaturized, high-performance devices. A deeper understanding of the interplay between ionic dynamics and microstructure is essential for engineering these composites effectively. This study examines the deterioration of the ferroelectric property of BaTiO3 composite with the incorporation of the magnetic BaFe12O19. The composite is synthesized using the conventional solid-state reaction method. Structural analysis involves X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The dielectric and ferroelectric investigations, as well as magnetic analysis, are conducted. The study shows the existence of the electron hopping between different oxidation states of the cations and it elevates the material's conductivity and, generates a leakage current that largely affects the ferroelectric properties by preventing saturation polarization