Impacts of Coastal Reclamation on Natural Wetlands in Large River Deltas in China

Ma, Tiantian; Li, Xiaowen; Bai, Junhong; Cui, Baoshan

doi:10.1007/s11769-019-1049-8

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Regionally, over 80% of wetlands have been lost in US in agricultural area (Zelder, 2004), while tidal flats and habitat have shrunk by 86% in Southern California since 1870 as a result of fast urbanization and coastal development (Stein et al., 2010). In China, approximately 59% of coastal saltmarshes were lost between the 1980 and 2010s due to land reclamation (Gu et al., 2018), by the intensive land reclamation in the Changjiang River and Pearl River deltas (Ma et al., 2019). “Coastal squeeze” exposes a conflict between coastal safety and ecosystem conservation and has become a significant management challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of Tidal Flats Within Tidal Basins Alters Centennial Morphodynamic Adaptation to Sea‐Level Rise

Guo

Zhu

et al. 2022

JGR Earth Surface

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Coastal wetlands provide important habitats that host valuable ecosystems. Currently they are facing increasing pressure from climate change and sea-level rise (SLR). The global SLR has risen by 0.2 ± 0.05 m between 1901 and 2018, with a rate of 3.7 ± 0.5 mm yr −1 in the 2006-2018 periods (IPCC, 2021). SLR is likely to accelerate in the coming century, adding another 0.28-1.01 m till 2100 (Chen et al., 2017;IPCC, 2021). A worldwide concern is that accretion of coastal tidal flats (mainly the intertidal zones) and salt marshes may not be able to keep pace with an accelerating SLR rate (

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reclamation of Tidal Flats Within Tidal Basins Alters Centennial Morphodynamic Adaptation to Sea‐Level Rise

Guo

Zhu

et al. 2022

JGR Earth Surface

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“…As a megacity in China, Shanghai has high carbon dioxide emissions from human activities. In addition, urban expansion reduces the coastal wetland area [23], leading to a decline in the CBCS as a result.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal Change and the Natural–Human Driving Processes of a Megacity’s Coastal Blue Carbon Storage

Cai

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Coastal blue carbon storage (CBCS) plays a key role in addressing global climate change and realizing regional carbon neutrality. Although blue carbon has been studied for some years, there is little understanding of the influence of a megacity’s complex natural and human-driven processes on CBCS. Taking the Shanghai coastal area as an example, this study investigated the spatiotemporal change in CBCS using the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) model during 1990–2015, and analyzed the response of the CBCS to a megacity’s complex natural- and human-driven processes through a land use/land cover transition matrix and hierarchical clustering. The results were as follows: (1) Thirty-three driving processes were identified in the study area, including four natural processes (e.g., accretion, succession, erosion, etc.), two human processes (reclamation and restoration) and twenty-seven natural–human coupled processes; they were further combined into single and multiple processes with positive and negative influences on the CBCS into four types (Mono+, Mono−, Multiple+ and Multiple− driving processes). (2) Shanghai’s CBCS increased from 1659.44 × 104 Mg to 1789.78 ×104 Mg, though the amount of Shanghai’s coastal carbon sequestration showed a decreasing trend in three periods: 51.28 × 104 Mg in 1990–2000, 42.90 × 104 Mg in 2000–2009 and 36.15 × 104 Mg in 2009–2015, respectively. (3) There were three kinds of spatiotemporal patterns in the CBCS of this study area: high adjacent to the territorial land, low adjacent to the offshore waters in 1990; high in the central part, low in the peripheral areas in 2009 and 2015; and a mixed pattern in 2000. These patterns resulted from the different driving processes present in the different years. This study could serve as a blueprint for restoring and maintaining the CBCS of a megacity, to help mitigate the conflicts between socioeconomic development and the conservation of the CBCS, especially in the Shanghai coastal area.

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“…For example, since 1990s, the land area in the Yangtze Estuary has increased by 10% (Zhang et al, 2020) while the growth rate of the subtidal zone of tidal flat, including the Hengsha Shoal which we studied in this paper, has decreased from 6.0 km 2 /year (1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994) to -6.2 km 2 / year (1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) (Du et al, 2016). The weakened buffering capacity of tidal flats affects the estuarine land safety and wetland ecosystem stability (Ma et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentation of cohesive sediments at the subtidal flat affected by wind wave in high turbidity estuary

Shen

Zhu²,

Lou³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Sedimentation is an important mechanism to mitigate the shrinking of tidal flat and to restore its ecological function by means of sand or mud nourishment. To explore the sedimentation of cohesive sediments, a seabed tripod observation system was deployed at the subtidal region of the Hengsha Shoal adjacent to the turbidity maximum zone of the Yangtze Estuary for 11 days. The results showed that the fine sediment with the median grain size around 8 mm occupied the whole water column. The seabed was in relative equilibrium state with the fluctuation of bed level smaller than 16 mm during the moderate wind condition while the seabed experienced a rapid erosion of 38mm and a successive intensive accretion of 68mm during the process of wind wave and swell. The bottom hydrodynamic at 0.3mab during the bed accretion was stronger than that during the bed erosion. The deposition process of cohesive sediments can be better described by the simultaneous deposition paradigm than that by the exclusive deposition paradigm according to the direct data-model comparison of the bed level changes, especially during the impact of fluid mud. Three possible reasons for the better performance of the simultaneous deposition paradigm were proposed. The first possibility is that the fine suspended sediments do maintain a continuous contact with the sediment bed since the direct bed level changes during our observation period has been well reproduced by the simultaneous deposition paradigm. The second possibility is the SSC-induced turbulence damping which facilitates the fine sediment settling in the form of cohesive sediment flocs, indicating the settling of sediments can’t be judged by the critical shear stress for deposition just based on the single particle grain size. The last possibility is the fluid mud-induced overestimated bed shear stress by using turbulent velocity fluctuation above the fluid mud-water interface, which produces excess sediment erosion waiting to be compensated by the simultaneous deposition paradigm. For practical modeling purposes, modeling under the simultaneous deposition paradigm can give satisfactory results for the sedimentation of cohesive sediment especially during the impact of wave or swell.

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Impacts of Coastal Reclamation on Natural Wetlands in Large River Deltas in China

Abstract: Little information is available on the impacts of coastal reclamation on wetland loss in large-river deltas at a regional scale. Using remote sensing data of coastal wetland and reclamation in four deltas in China from 1978 to 2014, we tracked their continuous area changes in four periods

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Reclamation of Tidal Flats Within Tidal Basins Alters Centennial Morphodynamic Adaptation to Sea‐Level Rise

Reclamation of Tidal Flats Within Tidal Basins Alters Centennial Morphodynamic Adaptation to Sea‐Level Rise

Spatiotemporal Change and the Natural–Human Driving Processes of a Megacity’s Coastal Blue Carbon Storage

Sedimentation of cohesive sediments at the subtidal flat affected by wind wave in high turbidity estuary

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