Impacts of climate change on operation of the US rail network

Chinowsky, Paul S.; Helman, Jacob; Gulati, Sahil; Neumann, James E.; Martinich, Jeremy

doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.05.007

Cited by 54 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although the risks posed by extreme heat are far reaching, the metrics and thresholds used to define extreme and to quantify these impacts can vary within and across sectors. For example, the transportation sector may use absolute temperature thresholds for projecting the effects of extreme heat on the integrity of pavement or railroad lines (Chinowsky et al, ), whereas the public health sector may incorporate alternate measures such as nighttime low temperatures (Murage et al, ; Royé, ), combined heat and humidity (Davis et al, ; Horton et al, ), or temperatures relative to regionally defined thresholds (Anderson & Bell, ; Kent et al, ). Recently, several studies have focused on how extreme heat metrics have changed based on observational data (e.g., Alexander, ), but less attention has been given to how those measures of risk might change with future conditions, or how measures of relative risk might vary across the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reframing Future Risks of Extreme Heat in the United States

et al. 2018

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The goal of this study is to reframe the analysis and discussion of extreme heat projections to improve communication of future extreme heat risks in the United States. We combine existing data from 31 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models to examine future exposure to extreme heat for global average temperatures of 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 °C above a preindustrial baseline. We find that throughout the United States, historically rare extreme heat events become increasingly common in the future as global temperatures rise and that the depiction of exposure depends in large part on whether extreme heat is defined by absolute or relative metrics. For example, for a 4 °C global temperature rise, parts of the country may never see summertime temperatures in excess of 100 °F, but virtually all of the country is projected to experience more than 4 weeks per summer with temperatures exceeding their historical summertime maximum. All of the extreme temperature metrics we explored become more severe with increasing global average temperatures. However, a moderate climate scenario delays the impacts projected for a 3 °C world by almost a generation relative to the higher scenario and prevents the most extreme impacts projected for a 4 °C world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reframing Future Risks of Extreme Heat in the United States

et al. 2018

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“…Meanwhile, the increasing in temperature is an apart of climate change that can cause a hazard to the rail network, and a track expansion increases. Due to climate change, the ability of rail operators is challenged by the expected increases in temperature to maintain existing operating practices and avoid any delays especially during summer (Chinowsky et al, 2017). As a part of the climate change, a conventional train derailed after flooding from heavy rains in Saudi Arabia on February 2017 near the eastern city of Dammam city that caused the rail to drift and carriages were separated from each other as shown in Figure 5, while one train car overturned (Arabnews, 2017a).…”

Section: External Environmental Cost Of High-speed Rail Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Total Social Costs of Constructing and Operating a High-Speed Rail Line Using a Case Study of the Riyadh-Dammam Corridor, Saudi Arabia

Almujibah

Preston

2019

Front. Built Environ.

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Constructing High-Speed Rail technology between the Saudi Arabian cities starts raising many challenging issues of a different nature ranging from technical to operational, which require huge investments in infrastructure, operations, and maintenance. However, this paper develops a new methodology to calculate the total social costs of building a new HSR worldwide and applies this using the case study of the Riyadh-Dammam corridor in Saudi Arabia. This is done through a Spreadsheet Cost Model mainly based on Microsoft Excel that includes operator cost, user cost, and external cost. In order to determine the total social costs of a Riyadh-Dammam HSR line, the annual travel demand is forecasted of 13,205,212 passengers in the first year of operation. In this case, the gravity demand model is used to forecast the demand, as a function of independent variables for the cities alongside with the proposed line such as the population, GDP per capita, the generalized journey time, unemployment rate, years since opening the corridor, and the dummy variable. As a result, the total social costs of constructing and operating the proposed HSR line is e1,090,106,913 per year resulting from the sum of the following categories. First, the total operator cost (OC) is e859,797,307 per year, which is mainly based on the total infrastructure and rolling stock costs of e750,852,759 per year and e108,944,548 per year, respectively. Second, the total user cost is e216,769,247 per year resulting from the sum of total annual passenger access/egress time, waiting time, and in-vehicle time. Finally, the total external environmental cost is e13,540,359 per year resulting from the sum of average costs of noise and air pollution, climate change, and accident.

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“…Infrastructure and operations improvements may provide adaptation co-benefits, including mass transit system resilience. In particular, extreme heat from climate change is anticipated to negatively impact the performance of tracks and energy distribution systems ( Chinowsky, Helman, Gulati, Neumann, & Martinich 2017 ).…”

Section: Caltrans Transit and Intercity Rail Capital Program (Tircp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Adaptation Finance and Investment in California

Keenan¹

2018

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Impacts of climate change on operation of the US rail network

Cited by 54 publications

References 13 publications

Reframing Future Risks of Extreme Heat in the United States

Reframing Future Risks of Extreme Heat in the United States

The Total Social Costs of Constructing and Operating a High-Speed Rail Line Using a Case Study of the Riyadh-Dammam Corridor, Saudi Arabia

Climate Adaptation Finance and Investment in California

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