“…Concurrent decreases in surface salinity combined with rising temperatures are expected to drive increased seasonal stratification (i.e., MLD; Pershing et al, 2021 ), which, based on our findings, has the potential to affect the distribution, abundance, and aggregating behavior of forage fishes in this system. Climate‐induced warming has already induced detectable broadscale and seasonal distribution shifts across the trophic web in the NES, from plankton (Chust et al, 2014 ), fish, and macroinvertebrates (Friedland et al, 2020 ) to predatory fishes (Muhling et al, 2017 ) and marine mammals (Pendleton et al, 2022 ), and is expected to influence the distributions of key forage fishes included in this study, such as sand lance, herring, and menhaden (Hare et al, 2016 ; Staudinger et al, 2020 ; Suca, Wiley, et al, 2021 ). These distribution shifts are not expected to occur symmetrically and may not result in wholescale northward shifts of the present community.…”