Impacts of Climate Change and Urban Development on Water Resources in the Tualatin River Basin

Praskievicz, Sarah

doi:10.15760/etd.2246

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with many previous studies (Tong and Chen 2002, Franczyk and Chang 2009, Tu 2009, Praskievicz and Chang 2011, and emphasizes the need for adaptive policies addressing these pollution sources.…”

Section: Future Changes and Adaptive Managementsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Precipitation drives the amount and timing of river flows (Chang et al 2001;Choi 2008;Franzyk & Chang 2009;Tu 2009;Praskievicz and Chang 2011), which in turn drive sediment and nutrient loads (Randall and Mulla 2001;Tong and Chen 2002;Chang 2004;Tang et al 2005;Atasoy et al 2006). Urban growth increases impervious surface areas causing flashier storm responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Hydrologic and Water Quality Sensitivities to Precipitation Changes, Urban Growth and Land Management Using SWAT

Psaris

2000

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Precipitation changes and urban growth are two factors altering the state of water quality. Changes in precipitation will alter the amount and timing of flows, and the corresponding sediment and nutrient dynamics. Meanwhile, densification associated with urban growth will create more impervious surfaces which will alter sediment and nutrient loadings. Land and water managers often rely on models to develop possible future scenarios and devise management responses to these projected changes. We use the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to assess the sensitivities of stream flow, sediment, and nutrient loads in two urbanizing watersheds in Northwest Oregon, USA to various climate and urbanization scenarios. We evaluate the spatial patterns climate change and urban growth will have on water, sediment and nutrient yields. We also identify critical source areas (CSAs) and investigate how implementation of vegetative filter strips (VFS) could ameliorate the effects of these changes. Our findings suggest that: 1) Water yield is tightly coupled to precipitation. 2) Large increases in winter and spring precipitation provide enough sub-surface storage to increase summertime water yields despite a moderate decrease in summer precipitation. 3) Expansion of urban areas increases surface runoff and has mixed effects on sediment and nutrients. 4) Implementation of VFS reduces pollutant loads helping overall watershed health. This research demonstrates the usefulness of SWAT in facilitating informed land and water management decisions.ii

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Section: Future Changes and Adaptive Managementsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Hydrologic and Water Quality Sensitivities to Precipitation Changes, Urban Growth and Land Management Using SWAT

Psaris

2000

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“…A better understanding of these dynamic interactions is an important step toward developing sustainable water management policies that can reduce water scarcity and vulnerability. Current modeling efforts suggest that climate change impacts are global and local in scale [Knight and J€ ager, 2009] and likely to produce changes in precipitation events, system yields due to streamflow changes [Moradkhani et al, 2010;Najafi et al, 2011], extreme events including floods Halmstad et al, 2012] and droughts [Madadgar and Moradkhani, 2012;Jung and Chang, 2011], and ecohydrologic factors [Praskievicz and Chang, 2011;Moradkhani et al, 2010]. The complexity and feedbacks in these systems make predicting water scarcity a daunting task.…”

Section: Effects Of Complexity and Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a formal definition of water scarcity in natural‐human systems

Jaeger

Plantinga

Chang

et al. 2013

Water Resources Research

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[1] Water scarcity may appear to be a simple concept, but it can be difficult to apply to complex natural-human systems. While aggregate scarcity indices are straightforward to compute, they do not adequately represent the spatial and temporal variations in water scarcity that arise from complex systems interactions. The uncertain effects of future climate change on water scarcity add to the need for clarity on the concept of water scarcity. Starting with a simple but robust definition-the marginal value of a unit of water wehighlight key aspects of water scarcity and illustrate its many biophysical and socioeconomic determinants. We make four central observations. First, water scarcity varies greatly across location, time, and a multitude of uses that are valued either directly or indirectly by society. Second, water scarcity is fundamentally a normative, anthropocentric concept and, thus, can and should be distinguished from the related, purely descriptive notion of water deficit. While such an anthropocentric perspective may seem limiting, it has the potential to encompass the vast range of interests that society has in water. Third, our ability to understand and anticipate changes in water scarcity requires distinguishing between the factors that affect the value or benefits of water from those affecting the costs of transforming water in space, time and form. Finally, this robust and rigorous definition of water scarcity will facilitate better communication and understanding for both policymakers and scientists.

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“…Thus, they need to be considered in integrated water resource management under various environmental change scenarios (Metzger, Leemans, & Schrö-ter, 2005;Praskievicz & Chang, 2011). Hydroclimatic modelling efforts currently indicate that water resource responses to climate change impacts are both global and local in scale.…”

Section: Introduction a Water Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Supply, Demand, and Quality Indicators for Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Water Resource Vulnerability in the Columbia River Basin

et al. 2013

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We investigated water resource vulnerability in the US portion of the Columbia River basin (CRB) using multiple indicators representing water supply, water demand, and water quality. Based on the US county scale, spatial analysis was conducted using various biophysical and socio-economic indicators that control water vulnerability. Water supply vulnerability and water demand vulnerability exhibited a similar spatial clustering of hotspots in areas where agricultural lands and variability of precipitation were high but dam storage capacity was low. The hotspots of water quality vulnerability were clustered around the main stem of the Columbia River where major population and agricultural centres are located. This multiple equal weight indicator approach confirmed that different drivers were associated with different vulnerability maps in the sub-basins of the CRB. Water quality variables are more important than water supply and water demand variables in the Willamette River basin, whereas water supply and demand variables are more important than water quality variables in the Upper Snake and Upper Columbia River basins. This result suggests that current water resources management and practices drive much of the vulnerability within the study area. The analysis suggests the need for increased coordination of water management across multiple levels of water governance to reduce water resource vulnerability in the CRB and a potentially different weighting scheme that explicitly takes into account the input of various water stakeholders.RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] Nous étudions la vulnérabilité de la ressource en eau dans la partie étatsunienne du bassin du fleuve Columbia à l'aide d'indicateurs multiples représentant l'apport d'eau, la demande en eau et la qualité de l'eau. En nous basant sur l'échelle des comtés des États-Unis, nous avons fait une analyse spatiale à l'aide de divers indicateurs biophysiques et socio-économiques qui déterminent la vulnérabilité de l'eau. La vulnérabilité de l'apport d'eau et la vulnérabilité de la demande en eau ont exhibé un regroupement spatial similaire de points chauds dans les régions où il y avait beaucoup de terres agricoles et une grande variabilité dans les précipitations mais où il y avait une faible capacité de stockage par des barrages. Les points chauds de vulnérabilité de la qualité de l'eau étaient regroupés autour du bras principal du fleuve Columbia, où sont situés les principaux centres urbains et agricoles. Cette approche basée sur des indicateurs multiples de poids égaux a confirmé que différents facteurs étaient associés à différentes cartes de vulnérabilité dans les sous-bassins du bassin du fleuve Columbia. Les variables de qualité de l'eau sont plus importantes que les variables d'apport d'eau et de demande en eau dans le bassin de la rivière Willamette alors que les variables d'apport d'eau et de demande en eau sont plus importantes que les variables de qualité de l'eau dans les bassins des parties supérieures de la rivière Snake et du fleuve ...

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Impacts of Climate Change and Urban Development on Water Resources in the Tualatin River Basin

Abstract: Northwest of the Unite4 States include earlier peak runoff, reduced summer flo~s, and increased winter flooding. An increase in impervious surfaces, accompanied by urban development, is known to d~crease infiltration and i~crease surface runoff.

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Assessing Hydrologic and Water Quality Sensitivities to Precipitation Changes, Urban Growth and Land Management Using SWAT

Assessing Hydrologic and Water Quality Sensitivities to Precipitation Changes, Urban Growth and Land Management Using SWAT

Toward a formal definition of water scarcity in natural‐human systems

Water Supply, Demand, and Quality Indicators for Assessing the Spatial Distribution of Water Resource Vulnerability in the Columbia River Basin

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