Impacts of CLA and dietary concentrate proportion on blood metabolite concentration and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of periparturient dairy cows

Abstract

The study aimed to examine effects of supplemented CLA to periparturient dairy cows receiving different concentrate proportions antepartum (a.p.) to investigate CLA effects on metabolism and immune function. Compared with adapted feeding, highconcentrate diet a.p. should induce a ketogenic metabolic situation postpartum (p.p.) to better understand how CLA works. A total of 64 pregnant German Holstein cows had ad libitum access to partial mixed rations based on concentrate and roughage 3 weeks before calving until day 60 p.p. A.p., cows received 100 g/day control fat (CON) or a CLA supplement, either in a lowconcentrate (20%, CON-20, CLA-20) or high-concentrate diet (60%, CON-60, CLA-60). P.p., concentrate proportion was adjusted to 50% while fat supplementation continued. After day 32 p.p., half of the animals of CLA-groups changed to CON supplementation (CLA-20-CON, CLA-60-CON). A ketogenic metabolic state p.p. was not achieved and respective impacts of CLA could not be examined. Blood samples for isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected on day − 21, 7, 28 and 56 relative to calving. Blood chemistry samples were taken over the entire experimental period. Mitogen-stimulated proliferation of PBMC remained unaffected. Besides serum concentrations of triglycerides, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin and IGF-1, clinical-chemical serum characteristics remained uninfluenced by treatments. No post-supplementation effect could be observed. Measured blood metabolites and mitogen-stimulated proliferation of PBMC indicate that all groups had an increased metabolic stress around calving, whereby group CLA-20 was affected more severely. Overall, supplemented CLA did not positively affect metabolism or immune function of periparturient dairy cows. However, feeding CLA in a low-concentrate diet a.p. seems to increase liver stress around calving via reduced DMI.

Effects of abomasal infusion of essential fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid on performance and fatty acid, antioxidative, and inflammatory status in dairy cows

“…Neither the CLA nor the EFA+CLA treatment had immediate effects on parameters related to the systemic or hepatic immune response in the cows. Our findings support the results of previous studies demonstrating the failure of CLA treatment to show effects on inflammatory cytokines in dairy cows (Saremi et al, 2012a;Petzold et al, 2015) or bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Renner et al, 2013). The n-3 FA or CLA treatment may influence the inflammatory status and immune response in dairy cows only after an immune challenge (Gandra et al, 2016;Gross et al, 2018).…”

Plasma cholesterol levels and short‐term adaptations of metabolism and milk production during feed restriction in early lactating dairy cows on pasture

“…(Gerspach et al, 2016;Rehage et al, 1996;Reid & Collins, 1980), but may not necessarily be pathological. In this respect, Petzold et al (2015) refer to a likely enhanced capability…”

Different durations of whole raw soybean supplementation during the prepartum period: Measures of cellular immune function in transition cows

“…The partial biohydrogenation of linoleic acid produces trans-11 C18:1 FA and cis-9,trans-11 C18:2 CLA (Jenkins et al, 2008). However, recent in vivo or ex vivo studies have demonstrated that CLA has a minor effect on immune response of cows (Petzold et al, 2015;Eger et al, 2017).…”