Impacts of atmospheric deposition on New Jersey pine barrens forest soils and communities of ectomycorrhizae

Dighton, John; Tuininga, Amy R.; Gray, Dennis M.; Huskins, Rebecca E.; Belton, Thomas J.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.038

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In agricultural soils, Bruns et al, (1999) observed that Nitrospira cluster 3 dominated in N fertilization treatments. This response is similar to that of plants and fungi where taxa that are good N competitors increase relative to poor N competitors (Tilman, 1987;Dighton et al, 2004;Suding et al, 2005).…”

Section: Effects Of Nitrogen and Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

et al. 2010

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Ammonia oxidation is a central process in the nitrogen cycle. Particularly in marine and estuarine environments, few experiments have been conducted to tease apart the factors influencing their abundance and composition. To investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), we conducted a nutrient enrichment experiment in a Maine salt marsh and sampled sediment communities in three seasons over 2 years. We assessed community composition using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of cloned fragments of the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene. Almost all of the amoA sequences fell within the marine and estuarine-specific Nitrosospira-like clade. Applied separately, nitrogen and phosphorus significantly altered AOB composition; however, together the nutrients had an interactive effect, and composition did not change. In contrast, nutrient enrichment did not alter AOB abundance. Furthermore, the response of AOB composition to nutrient enrichment varied over time. We conclude that closely related taxa within the marine/estuarine-specific Nitrosospira-like clade vary in their preference for nutrient concentrations, and this preference may depend on other temporally variable abiotic factors. Finally, AOB composition was highly variable within and across years even in untreated plots. Further studies are needed to test how these different aspects of compositional variability in AOB communities influence nitrogen cycling.

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Section: Effects Of Nitrogen and Phosphorussupporting

confidence: 64%

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

et al. 2010

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“…Th e estimated level of N deposition resulting in community change is 5 to 7 kg N ha -1 yr -1 . Th is is quite similar to patterns found in white spruce forests in Alaska (Lilleskov et al 2001(Lilleskov et al , 2002 and pitch pine forests in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey (Dighton et al 2004). …”

Section: Mycorrhizal Fungisupporting

confidence: 78%

“…One study in the Pine Barrens region of New Jersey found a trend of decreasing morphotype richness with increasing N deposition (Dighton et al 2004). Th ere was signifi cantly lower mycorrhizal morphotype richness at a site with bulk deposition of 8 kg N ha -1 yr -1 than at a site with approximately 4 kg N ha -1 yr -1 (Dighton et al 2004). …”

Section: Range Of Responses Observedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nitrogen deposition effects and empirical critical loads of Nitrogen for ecoregions of the United States

Pardo¹,

Robin-Abbott²,

Driscoll³

2011

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Human activity in the last century has led to a substantial increase in nitrogen (N) emissions and deposition. This N deposition has reached a level that has caused or is likely to cause alterations to the structure and function of many ecosystems across the United States. One approach for quantifying the level of pollution that would be harmful to ecosystems is the critical loads approach. The critical load is defi ned as the level of a pollutant below which no detrimental ecological effect occurs over the long term according to present knowledge.The objective of this project was to synthesize current research relating atmospheric N deposition to effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the United States and to identify empirical critical loads for atmospheric N deposition. The receptors that we evaluated included freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microbes, lichens, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. The main responses reported fell into two categories: (1) biogeochemical, and (2) individual species, population, and community responses.The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is 1 to 39 kg N ha -1 y -1. This broad range spans the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants and shrubs, trees.The critical loads approach is an ecosystem assessment tool with great potential to simplify complex scientifi c information and effectively communicate with the policy community and the public. This synthesis represents the fi rst comprehensive assessment of empirical critical loads of N for ecoregions across the United States.

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“…Only nitrate is leached through the soil in significant quantities; ammonium is only about 5% of the mineral N present in NJPB soils (Dighton et al 2004). The total amount of N leached is then calculated using:…”

Section: Changes To the Century Succession Extensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent carbon dynamics under climate change in forests with diverse soils, tree species, and land use histories

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Accounting for both climate change and natural disturbances-which typically result in greenhouse gas emissions-is necessary to begin managing forest carbon sequestration. Gaining a complete understanding of forest carbon dynamics is, however, challenging in systems characterized by historic over-utilization, diverse soils and tree species, and frequent disturbance. In order to elucidate the cascading effects of potential climate change on such systems, we projected forest carbon dynamics, including soil carbon changes, and shifts in tree species composition as a consequence of wildfires and climate change in the New Jersey pine barrens (NJPB) over the next 100 years. To do so, we used the LANDIS-II succession and disturbance model combined with the CENTURY soil model. The model was calibrated and validated using data from three eddy flux towers and the available empirical or literature data. Our results suggest that climate change will not appreciably increase fire sizes and intensity. The recovery of C stocks following substantial disturbances at the turn of the 20th century will play a limited but important role in this system. In areas characterized by high soil water holding capacity, reduced soil moisture may lead to lower total C and these forests may switch from being carbon sinks to becoming carbon neutral towards the latter part of the 21st century. In contrast, other areas characterized by lower soil water holding capacity and drought tolerant species are projected to experience relatively little change over the next 100 years. Across all soil types, however, the regeneration of many key tree species may decline leading to longer-term (beyond 2100) risks to forest C. These divergent responses were largely a function of the dominant tree species, and their respective temperature and soil moisture tolerances, and soil water holding capacity. In summary, the system is initially C conservative but by the end of the 21st century, there is increasing risk of de-stabilization due to declining growth and regeneration.

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Impacts of atmospheric deposition on New Jersey pine barrens forest soils and communities of ectomycorrhizae

Cited by 52 publications

References 41 publications

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment alter the composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in salt marsh sediments

Assessment of Nitrogen deposition effects and empirical critical loads of Nitrogen for ecoregions of the United States

Divergent carbon dynamics under climate change in forests with diverse soils, tree species, and land use histories

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