Impacts of at-site wastewater disposal systems on the groundwater aquifer in arid regions: case of Sfax City, Southern Tunisia

Chamtouri, Ibticem; Abida, Habib; Khanfir, Hafedh; Bouri, Salem

doi:10.1007/s00254-007-1060-8

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In fact, the groundwater analysis shows a global chemical homogeneity with a sulphated sodic facies and an enrichment of chloride. This result is similar to that found by Chamtouri et al, (2007). The major sources of COD in urban area are the discharge of industrial and waste domestic water.…”

Section: B Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…High concentrations of the different water quality parameters were observed in the large industrial urban areas (near the phosphogypsum dump), the agriculture area (W3 and W7) and near the wastewater pumping station (Jarvie et al, 2000). The high concentrations within these areas can be attributed to groundwater quality (Chamtouri, 2007) which has been found to have a major impact on channel water quality. More detailed results are discussed in the following sections related to: trace metals and suspended solids (1), organic parameters (2) and major ions (3).…”

Section: B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The high concentrations within these areas can be attributed to groundwater quality (Chamtouri, 2007) which has been found to have a major impact on channel water quality. More detailed results are discussed in the following sections related to: trace metals and suspended solids (1), organic parameters (2) and major ions (3).…”

Section: B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Impact Assessment of a Flood Control Channel in Sfax City, Tunisia

Dahri

Atoui²,

Abida

2014

int. j. sci. eng.

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The objective of this study is to evaluate water and sediment quality in the southern branch of a flood control channel in Sfax city, as well as its neighboring sites. This artificial channel, located 4km away from downtown Sfax, was implemented in 1984 to protect the city against floods. Even though it contributed to reduce the harmful flood effects, this channel also resulted in new environmental problems that may cause a public health threat. Indeed, artificial surfaces pose a greater risk of infection due to bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms. A total of 19 water samples (9 from the channel and 10 from groundwater wells) were collected in a dry period and analyzed in the laboratory. Furthermore, 12 sediment samples were taken from the bottom of the channel. Water quality data were used to examine the spatial variability of the different water quality parameters. The resultant maps revealed an important contamination and illustrated that the degree of contamination differs from one site to another, depending on the distance from the pollution source (industrial, domestic or agricultural activity), the depth of the groundwater table and also the maintenance of the well and its surroundings.

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Section: B Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: B Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Environmental Impact Assessment of a Flood Control Channel in Sfax City, Tunisia

Dahri

Atoui²,

Abida

2014

int. j. sci. eng.

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“…These wastewaters carry numerous harmful microorganisms, which pollute the soils in the entire vadose zone and groundwater underneath (Shuval 1991;Farid et al 1993;Reid et al 2003;Chamtouri et al 2008). However, most of the studies have traditionally been confined to assessment of impact long-term application of wastewater on plant nutrient and heavy metal buildup in soils and their subsequent transfer to edible portion of crops grown thereon (Rattan et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of long-term wastewater application on microbiological properties of vadose zone

Deshmukh

Singh

Datta

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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Impact of wastewater irrigation on some biological properties was studied in an area where treated sewage water is being supplied to the farmers since 1979 in the western part of National Capital Territory of New Delhi under Keshopur Effluent Irrigation Scheme. Three fields were selected which had been receiving irrigation through wastewater for last 20, 10 and 5 years. Two additional fields were selected in which the source of irrigation water was tubewell. The soil bacterial and fungal population density was studied in soil layers of 0-15, 15-30, 30-60 and 60-120 cm depths. Groundwater samples were collected from the piezometers installed in the field irrigated with sewage water for last 20, 10 and 5 years. Results indicate that there was significant increase in bacterial and fungal count in sewage-irrigated soils as compared to their respective control. The population density of bacteria and fungi in waste water-irrigated soils increased with the duration of sewage water application and decreased with increasing depth. The bacterial and fungal count was also directly proportional to organic carbon, sand and silt content and negatively correlated to the clay content, electrical conductivity, pH and bulk density of the soil. Groundwater under sewage-irrigated fields had higher values of most probable number (MPN) index as compared to that of tubewell water-irrigated fields. All the shallow and deep groundwaters were found to be contaminated with faecal coliforms. The vadose zone had filtered the faecal coliform to the tune of 98-99%, as the MPN index was reduced from ≥18,000 per 100 ml of applied waste water to 310 per 100 ml of groundwater under 20 years sewage-irrigated field. The corresponding values of MPN were 250 and 130 per 100 ml of shallow groundwater under 10 and 05 years sewage-irrigated fields, respectively. Rapid detection of faecal contamination suggested that the Citrobacter freundii and Salmonella were dominant in shallow groundwater, while Escherichia coli was dominant in deep groundwater collected from sewage-irrigated field.

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“…The climate is arid and semiarid Mediterranean largely influenced by its mild topography and its maritime exposure (Chamtouri et al, 2008). The tide is semidiurnal, with a high tide of +1.60 m and a low tide of +0.30 m in spring tide (Zaghden et al, 2014).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Phosphorus-Contaminated Sediments in the Abundance of Potentially Toxic Phytoplankton Along the Sfax Coasts (Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia)

Feki-Sahnoun

Njah²,

Barraj

et al. 2019

J. Sed. Env.

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This is the first work performed in the shellfish production area located along the Sfax coasts (southern Tunisia) on the spatial and temporal patterns of toxic phytoplankton. It relates the excessive introduction of phosphorus in coastal waters from sediments contaminated with that nutrient. A multivariate approach was applyed using data derived from the National Phytoplankton Monitoring Program (REPHY) (2006-2009). We also examine if there is a direct relationship between the abundance of toxic phytoplankton and physical and chemical parameters. This study is based on phytoplankton composition and abundance, as well as physical and chemical data to evaluate the ecological status of the Sfax coasts, at shellfish farms. A total of 13 taxa included in the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) toxic algae checklist and well-known bloom formers were identified in REPHY. Higher nutrient spring samples were distinguished from those of lower nutrient summer waters. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) separated the toxic species into two groups related to nutrients availability. The large amounts of phosphorus and organic matter affected the toxic phytoplankton structure, due to the pollution of chemical origin underlining an organic load hardly biodegradable in Sfax coasts. Many of these species recorded in the water column were benthic dinoflagellates, a fact that could be explained by the resuspension of these organisms by hydrodynamics. The knowledge obtained in this study can be used to develop best management practices of the sediment compartment as well as the water column, which is crucial in the framework of any phytoplankton monitoring program. INFLUÊNCIA DE SEDIMENTOS CONTAMINADOS POR FÓSFORO NA ABUNDÂNCIA DE FITOPLANCTÔNPOTENCIALMENTE TÓXICO NAS COSTAS DE SFAX (GOLFO DE GABES, TUNÍSIA)ResumoEste é o primeiro trabalho realizado na área de produção de moluscos, situada ao longo das costas de Sfax (sul da Tunísia) que relaciona os padrões espaciais e temporais do fitoplâncton tóxico com a introdução excessiva de fósforo nas águas costeiras a partir da remobilização de sedimentos contaminados com esse nutriente. Foi usada uma abordagem multivariada com Base em dados derivados do Programa Nacional de Monitoramento de Fitoplâncton (REPHY) (2006-2009). Também foi analisada a relação entre a abundância de fitoplâncton tóxico e parâmetros físico-químicos. Este estudo baseia-se na composição e abundância de fitoplâncton, além de dados físicos e químicos para avaliar o estado ecológico das costas de Sfax, em áreas de cultivo de moluscos. Um total de 13 táxons incluídos na lista de algas tóxicas da Comissão Intergovernamental Oceanográfica e espécies geradoras de blooms de fitoplanctôn, bem conhecidas, foram identificados. Amostras de primavera, associadas a águas com mais nutrientes foram diferenciadas das amostras de verão em que a água tem teores mais baixos de nutrientes. A Análise de Redundância (RDA) separou as espécies tóxicas em dois grupos relacionados à disponibilidade de nutrientes. Os resultados revelaram que teores elevados de fósforo e matéria orgânica afetaram a estrutura do fitoplâncton tóxico, devido à poluição de origem química subjacente a uma carga orgânica dificilmente biodegradável nas costas de Sfax. Muitas das espécies encontradas na coluna de água são dinoflagelados bentônicos, fato que pode ser explicado pela ressuspensão desses organismos pelo hidrodinamismo. Os conhecimentos obtidos neste trabalho podem ser usados para desenvolver melhores práticas de gerenciamento costeiro e programas de monitoramento de fitoplâncton. Palavras Chave: Costas do sul de Sfax. Microalgas prejudiciais. Análise multivariada. Parâmetros físicos e químicos.

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Impacts of at-site wastewater disposal systems on the groundwater aquifer in arid regions: case of Sfax City, Southern Tunisia

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Environmental Impact Assessment of a Flood Control Channel in Sfax City, Tunisia

Environmental Impact Assessment of a Flood Control Channel in Sfax City, Tunisia

Impact of long-term wastewater application on microbiological properties of vadose zone

Influence of Phosphorus-Contaminated Sediments in the Abundance of Potentially Toxic Phytoplankton Along the Sfax Coasts (Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia)

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