Impacts of air pollution on human and ecosystem health, and implications for the National Emission Ceilings Directive: Insights from Italy

Marco, Alessandra De; Proietti, Carla; Anav, Alessandro; Ciancarella, Luisella; D’Elia, Ilaria; Fares, Silvano; Fornasier, Maria Francesca; Fusaro, Lina; Gualtieri, Maurizio; Manes, Fausto; Marchetto, Aldo; Mircea, Mihaela; Paoletti, Elena; Piersanti, Antonio; Rogora, Michela; Salvati, Luca; Salvatori, Elisabetta; Screpanti, Augusto; Vialetto, G.; Vitale, Marcello; Leonardi, C.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.064

Cited by 136 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Since then, studies based on ozone exposure and hospital admissions have been increasingly investigated. For example, several valuable studies which were conducted in Iran [10], Italy [11], France [12] have also put further insight into this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

Hui

Wang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally and ozone exposure is a main cause of its disease burden. However, studies on COPD hospitalizations from short-term ambient level ozone exposure have not generated consensus results. To address the knowledge gap, comprehensive and systematic searches in several databases were conducted using specific keywords for publications up to February 14, 2020. Random-effect models were used to derive overall excess risk estimates between short-term ambient-level ozone exposure and COPD hospitalizations. The influence analyses were used to test the robustness of the results. Both meta-regression and subgroup analyses were used to explore the sources of heterogeneity and potential modifying factors. Based on the results from 26 eligible studies, the random-effect model analyses show that a 10 µg/m3 increase in maximum 8-h ozone concentration was associated with 0.84% (95% CI: 0.09%, 1.59%) higher COPD hospitalizations. The estimates were higher for warm season and multiple-day lag but lower for old populations. Results from subgroup analyses also indicate a multiple-day lag trend and bigger significant health effects during longer day intervals. Although characteristics of individual studies added modest heterogeneity to the overall estimates, the results remained robust during further analyses and exhibited no evidence of publication bias. Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that short-term ambient level ozone exposure was associated with increased risk of COPD hospitalizations. The significant association with multiple-day lag trend indicates that a multiple-day exposure metric should be considered for establishing ambient ozone quality and exposure standards for improvement of population health. Future investigations and meta-analysis studies should include clinical studies as well as more careful lag selection protocol.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

Hui

Wang

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…[1,2] Exhausts of many industrial processes such as nitric acid production, [3] biomass and coal gasification, [4] the regeneration of fluid cracking catalysts (FCC), [5] and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO x by NH 3 [6] contain ammonia which has a harmful effect on human health [7,8] and environment. [1,2] Exhausts of many industrial processes such as nitric acid production, [3] biomass and coal gasification, [4] the regeneration of fluid cracking catalysts (FCC), [5] and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO x by NH 3 [6] contain ammonia which has a harmful effect on human health [7,8] and environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Nature of Active Species of Pt/Al₂O₃ Catalysts for low Temperature NH₃ Oxidation

et al. 2019

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Two series of Pt/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts for low temperature NH 3 oxidation were prepared using Pt(NO 3 ) 4 and H 2 PtCl 6 precursors. Using both precursors results in the formation of small Pt particles (d < 1.5 nm), however, Cl-containing Pt precursors give a higher fraction of highly dispersed Pt species. Such species show high stability against thermal or H 2 treatment probably due to the presence of a substantial amount of chlorine on the surface. Treatment of the samples prepared from Pt(NO 3 ) 4 with H 2 leads to the formation of metallic Pt nanoparticles accompanied by the improvement of catalytic activity in NH 3 oxidation at T < 200°C. The main products of ammonia oxidation at temperatures below 250°C were molecular nitrogen and nitrous oxide with the N 2 selectivity reaching 80 %. Operando XANES/ EXAFS revealed that even after H 2 pretreatment at least 40 % of Pt surface remains in oxidized state under reaction conditions resulting in the appearance of N 2 O as a by-product.

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“…Both high-altitude and low-altitude emissions have a large impact on air quality [15][16][17][18][19][20]. High-altitude emissions occur when the place of introduction of pollutants into the air is over 40 meters above ground level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

Piwowar

Dzikuć

2019

Energies

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The process of transformation of the Polish economy, traditionally based on coal, into an economy that uses low-carbon technologies, faces a problem associated with the diversification of energy sources, especially in rural areas. The scale of the use of conventional energy carriers in households located in rural areas in Poland has a very negative impact on the natural environment. The aim of the paper is to indicate possibilities of reducing low-altitude emissions (with emitters not exceeding 40 m in height) in rural areas in Poland, through the development of renewable energy sources. This paper provides an overview of the specific character of rural areas in Poland and the development challenges faced in these areas in the investigated scope. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to dynamize pro-ecological activities in agriculture and in rural areas, including the development of agricultural biogas plants, wind and photovoltaic farms. The use of renewable energy sources can be an important factor in the development and sustainable growth of rural areas in Poland.

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Impacts of air pollution on human and ecosystem health, and implications for the National Emission Ceilings Directive: Insights from Italy

Cited by 136 publications

References 109 publications

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

Insight into the Nature of Active Species of Pt/Al₂O₃ Catalysts for low Temperature NH₃ Oxidation

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

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Impacts of air pollution on human and ecosystem health, and implications for the National Emission Ceilings Directive: Insights from Italy

Cited by 136 publications

References 109 publications

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

Insight into the Nature of Active Species of Pt/Al2O3 Catalysts for low Temperature NH3 Oxidation

Development of Renewable Energy Sources in the Context of Threats Resulting from Low-Altitude Emissions in Rural Areas in Poland: A Review

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Product

Resources

About

Insight into the Nature of Active Species of Pt/Al₂O₃ Catalysts for low Temperature NH₃ Oxidation