Impacts of agricultural herbicide use on terrestrial wildlife in temperate landscapes: A review with special reference to North America

Freemark, Kathryn E.; Boutin, Céline

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(94)00534-l

Cited by 199 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…The palynological analyses demonstrated that the pollen richness was more important for apiaries K and C, whereas apiaries F and M displayed the lowest values. However, important landscape richness was not necessarily correlated with important pollen family richness and vice versa, as observed for apiaries K and G. The foraging areas with important urban areas were sites that were characterized by a low landscape richness and a high pollen richness, which was linked to the flower APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 12 (2) Freemark and Boutin (1995) demonstrated that use of herbicides decreases the presence of self-propagating plants that could be attractive to honey bees (Louveaux, 1959). Intensive grazing, cutting prior to the flowering period, and fertilizer application have similar a negative impacts on flower richness (Schippers and Joenje, 2002).…”

Section: Landscape and Flower Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating the Pollens Gathered by Apis Mellifera With the Landscape Features in Western France

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Honey bee health depends on various factors, including the availability of food resources and chronic exposure to toxins in the foraging area. These parameters can be evaluated using indicators based on either pollen gathered to the hive or landscape features of the foraging area, including the structure, land use, or density of such specific landscape elements as hedgerows.This study examines the correlation between the diversity of pollens gathered and the landscape features in a 3-km radius using Geographic Information System technology. Palynological analyses were performed on pollen pellets collected from sixteen apiaries in western France during one year. Richness, diversity and similarity indices were calculated for land-cover features and palynological data and then compared. The land-cover analyses permitted the identification of three different landscape contexts (hedgerow, cultivated, and urban landscapes). Although the palynological profiles were highly diverse, some taxa were conserved between hives. The flower richness was greater in the apiaries from urban landscapes than in apiaries from rural landscapes, regardless of the dominant land-cover. The statistical analysis did not associate a specific flora with a specific landscape. However, it was possible to distinguish the pollen gathered by bees in urban landscapes and from pollen collected in rural areas.

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Section: Landscape and Flower Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating the Pollens Gathered by Apis Mellifera With the Landscape Features in Western France

et al. 2014

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“…Farm fields have become characterized by low within-field and between-field variability, while field margins and other-non crop habitats have been reduced or eliminated. Strong evidence exists that these changes have had substantial adverse effects on wildlife, including beneficial insects and birds [3]. Corresponding increases in N input use have likely also negatively impacted on farmland biodiversity [8].…”

Section: Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 38% of the world's land and 70% of use of global freshwater supplies are now used by agriculture, and many agricultural processes, in contrast to many industrial processes, have an inherently low efficiency of resource use [2]. Habitat loss through landscape modification, combined with the intensification of production and use of agrochemicals, has become a major cause of biodiversity loss [3][4][5][6]. In addition, widespread and intensive use of synthetically produced N fertilizer, and the impact of this massive increase in reactive N on target and nontarget ecosystems, is producing an 'N-saturated planet' [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impacts of organic agriculture in temperate regions.

Lynch

Halberg²,

Bhatta³

et al. 2012

CABI Reviews

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Can organic agriculture elaborate a scientifically based, resource-efficient and agroecological approach to low-input farm management? This review examines the literature from temperate regions, with a particular emphasis on Canadian and US studies that relate to environmental and ecological impacts of organic agriculture with respect to (i) soil organic matter storage, (ii) soil quality/soil health, (iii) nutrient loading and risks of off-farm nutrient and agrochemical losses, (iv) biodiversity and (v) energy use and global warming potential. The context and implications of semi-arid conditions and low soil P levels, common to many organic farms in North America, and widespread adoption of genetically engineered crops in conventional production, is also considered. The consensus of the data available to date indicates the distinctiveness of cropping, floral and habitat diversity, soil management regime, nutrient intensity and use efficiency, and energy, and pesticide use in organic farming confer important environmental and ecological benefits. These include maintenance of soil organic matter and added return of carbon to soil, improved soil health, reduced off-farm nitrogen and phosphorus losses, enhanced vegetative and wildlife (bird) biological diversity, extended sometimes to other taxa depending on landscape context, improved support for pollinators and pollination and reduced energy use and improved energy efficiency. The continued evolution of organic agriculture to a more outcomes-based, agroecological production system will require an expanded multi-disciplinary research effort, linked ideally to support from consumers and policy-makers on the basis of renewed understanding of its potential contribution to global environmental sustainability.

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“…Residues can cause damage and bring about disease to plants in a rotation culture system in a cumulative manner, restricting microbial growth (Frighetto, 1997;Rickman et al, 2002). For these reasons, human health and the sustainability of animal life in adjacent environments might be affected (Blanco, 1979;Freemark and Boutin, 1995). Due the persistence of some compounds, the percolation of permeable soils could be a source of underwater pollution, principally in aquifers (Barbash et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%